拉比西缅 连搬死人去埋的也判无责。拉瓦 说他也承认:搬锄头去掘、搬 妥拉 书卷去读的,有责——那是要教明「单为搬者自己之用」也算有责,不必兼为那物本身。
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——连人把死人搬出去要埋的,他也判为无责。
even one who carries out a corpse to bury it.
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拉瓦 说:拉比西缅 也承认:人安息日搬出一把锄头要拿它掘地,或搬出一卷 妥拉 书要拿它诵读,他是有责的。
Rava said: And Rabbi Shimon agrees that one who carries out a hoe on Shabbat with which to dig or a Torah scroll from which to read is liable.
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革玛拉 问:这岂不是明摆着的么?那两样搬出若也算作「不为那工本身而行」的禁工——因为搬的人意在掘地、意在诵读——那么依 拉比西缅,还哪里找得着一样算「为那工本身而行」的搬出呢?
The Gemara asks: This is obvious, as if those acts of carrying out are also in the category of a prohibited labor not necessary for its own sake because the carrier’s intention is to dig or to read, if so, according to Rabbi Shimon, how can you find an act of carrying that would be considered a prohibited labor necessary for its own sake?
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革玛拉 答:虽然如此,拉瓦 这话仍有一层新意。
The Gemara answers: Nevertheless, there is a novel element in Rava’s statement.
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免得人说:拉比西缅 判人有责,单指他既为搬者自己、又为那物本身而搬的情形;譬如人搬出锄头,既为那锄头本身——要磨它的刃——又为自己——要拿它掘地;或搬出 妥拉 书卷,既为那书卷本身——要校正它——又为自己——要拿它诵读。所以 拉瓦 教明:纵是单为搬者自己、不为那物本身而搬的,拉比西缅 也判为有责。
Lest you say that Rabbi Shimon deems one liable only in a case where one carries out an object for the sake of the one carrying it, as well as for its own sake, for example, in a case where one carried out a hoe for its own sake, in order to sharpen its blade, and for the sake of the one carrying it, in order to dig with it, or one carried out a Torah scroll for its own sake, in order to emend it, and for the sake of the one carrying it, in order to read from it; therefore, Rava teaches us that Rabbi Shimon deems one liable for carrying out an object even when it is carried only for his own sake and not for the sake of the object.