改说:前款比安息日与拜偶像,后款比安息日与别诫命;「失察而无意」依 拉瓦 是误吃禁脂,依 阿巴耶 是把禁脂当唾沫咽下——故那段引不出凭据。
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倒不如说:那一段 《巴拉伊塔》 的前一款所比的是安息日与拜偶像,后一款所比的才是安息日与别的诫命,岂不是么?
Rather, is it not that the first clause of the baraita is dealing with the contrast between Shabbat and idolatry, and the latter clause of the baraita is dealing with contrasting Shabbat and other mitzvot?
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那么论别的诫命,「失察而无意」是怎样的情形呢?
And what are the circumstances of: Unwitting without intent, with regard to other mitzvot?
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是他以为那是可吃的脂便吃了,后来才知道那是禁脂。
It is in a case where one thought that it was permitted fat, and ate it, and later discovered that it was forbidden fat.
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这便是别的诫命里有责的一例。
This is one example of other mitzvot where one is liable.
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论安息日却不然、他是免责的——就是那本要割一棵已离了地的草木、却失察割了一棵还连着地的人,是免责的。
That is not the case with regard to Shabbat, where he is exempt, as one who intended to cut a detached plant and unwittingly severed a plant still attached to the ground is exempt.
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至于 阿巴耶(他以为那样的人有责),论别的诫命,「失察而无意」又是怎样的情形呢?
And according to Abaye, who holds that he is liable in that case, what are the circumstances of: Unwitting without intent, with regard to other mitzvot?
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是他口里含着一样东西,以为那是唾沫便咽了下去(本无意吃它),末了才知道所咽的是禁脂。
It is in a case where one had something in his mouth and he thought it was spittle and swallowed it with no intention to eat it, and it turned out to be forbidden fat that he swallowed.
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这便是别的诫命里判他有责的又一例。
This is one example of other mitzvot, where he is liable.
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论安息日却不然:那里所说的「免责」,指的是那本要拿起一棵已离了地的草木、却错割了一棵还连着地的人。
That is not the case with regard to Shabbat, where the phrase: He is exempt, is referring to the case of one who intended to lift a plant detached from the ground and mistakenly severed a plant still attached to the ground.
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那样的情形,连 阿巴耶 也认他免责。
In that case, even Abaye agrees that he is exempt.
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至于那本要割一棵已离了地的草木、却失察割了一棵还连着地的,他便有责,因为他本存心要作寻常的割这一件事。
However, one who intended to cut a detached plant and unwittingly severed a plant still attached to the ground is liable since he intended to perform a standard act of cutting.
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既然如此,这一段 《巴拉伊塔》 便引不出凭据来。
Therefore, no proof can be cited from this baraita.