前款只献一次、后款每样各献一次,何以不同?拉夫萨夫拉 一解被 拉夫纳赫曼 驳回;拉夫纳赫曼 说:所献之祭为失察而设,失察一层与失察多层,献数便不同。
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革玛拉 问:前一款(说他为每一个安息日单献一次赎罪祭)与后一款(说他为所作的每一样工作之父各担一分责),有什么分别呢?
The Gemara asks: What is different about the former clause, which states that he in only liable to bring one sin-offering for each Shabbat, and the latter clause, which states that he is liable for each and every primary category of labor that he performed?
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拉夫萨夫拉 说:这里(他不知道那日是安息日的),他省悟过来是因人告诉他那日是安息日,他才住手。
Rav Safra said: Here, where he is unaware that the day was Shabbat, when he realizes that he sinned, it is due to awareness of Shabbat that he desists.
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人一告诉他那是安息日,他立时就住了手。
When he is told that it was Shabbat, he stops immediately.
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那里(他不知道那几样工是禁的),他省悟过来是因人告诉他那几样工是禁的,他才住手。
And here, where he is unaware that the labors are prohibited, it is due to awareness of the labors that he desists.
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人一告诉他这一样工是禁的,他立时就住了手。
When he is told that this labor is prohibited, he stops immediately.
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拉夫纳赫曼 对 拉夫萨夫拉 说:他因人说是安息日而住手,岂不正因他知道那几样工是禁的么?
Rav Naḥman said to Rav Safra: Does he desist due to Shabbat for any reason other than because he knows that the labors are prohibited?
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他若不知道那工是禁的,人告诉他那日是安息日,他也不会住手。
If he did not know that the labor is prohibited, telling him that it is Shabbat would not cause him to desist.
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照样,他因人说那工是禁的而住手,岂不正因他知道那日是安息日么?
And similarly, does he desist from performing the labors when told that it is prohibited for any reason other than because he knows that it is Shabbat?
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他若不知道那日是安息日,也就没有理由住手不作工。
If he did not know that it was Shabbat, there would be no reason for him to desist from labor.
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这样看来,拿「后来所知道的是哪一层」来分这两款,是不对的。
Ostensibly, attributing the distinction between the two parts of the mishna to what eventually became known to him in the different cases is incorrect.
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倒是 拉夫纳赫曼 说:妥拉 所定当献的那一祭,是为着什么而定的呢?
Rather, Rav Naḥman said: The offering that the Torah obligated him to bring; for what is he so obligated?
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是为着失察而犯。
It is for performing an unwitting transgression.
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那里(他不知道那日是安息日的),他所失察的是一层;这里(他不知道那几样工是禁的),他所失察的是多层——所失察的有几层,他就当献几次赎罪祭。
There, where he was unaware that the day was Shabbat, he was unwitting with regard to one matter; here, where he was unaware of the prohibited labors, he was unwitting with regard to multiple matters, and he is liable to bring sin-offerings in accordance with the number of matters of which he was unaware.