众使者问:亚当何以判死?答:他犯了一条简易的诫命。又问摩西亚伦何以也死?神引传道书 9:2 作答。
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革玛拉 举底下这一段 《巴拉伊塔》 来驳:伺候的使者在至圣者(愿他称颂)面前说:宇宙的主啊,你何以判亚当——就是头一个人——死罪呢?
The Gemara raises an objection from the following baraita: The ministering angels said before the Holy One, Blessed be He: Master of the Universe, why did You penalize Adam, the first man, with the death penalty?
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他对他们说:我给了他一条简易的诫命,他却干犯了。
He said to them: I gave him a simple mitzva, and he violated it.
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他们对他说:摩西与亚伦全守了托拉,岂不也死了么?
They said to Him: Didn’t Moses and Aaron, who observed the whole Torah in its entirety, nevertheless die?
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至圣者(愿他称颂)对他们引一节经文答说:「凡临到众人的事都是一样:义人和恶人都遭遇一样的事;好人、洁净人和不洁净人,献祭的与不献祭的,也是一样。好人如何,罪人也如何;起誓的如何,怕起誓的也如何」(传道书 9:2)。
The Holy One, Blessed be He, said to them, citing the verse: “All things come alike to all; there is one event to the righteous and to the wicked; to the good and to the clean, and to the unclean; to him who sacrifices, and to him who does not sacrifice; as is the good, so is the sinner; and he who swears, as he who fears an oath” (Ecclesiastes 9:2).
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这样看来,死并不系于人所行的。
Apparently, death is not dependent upon one’s actions.
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人人都是要死的。
Everyone dies.