拉夫 说鸟飞进人衣襟里出不来的,可以坐着把它拢住到天黑再拿。拉夫纳赫曼·巴尔·以撒 以密释纳「第二个无责」相诘——那「无责」岂不是事后无责、按理仍不许么?答曰:那是无责而又许,正如人锁自家的门一样。
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拉比阿巴 说 拉夫希亚·巴尔·阿希 奉 拉夫 之名说:安息日有鸟飞进人衣襟底下、出不来了,他可以坐着把它拢住,直到天黑再把它拿起来。
Rabbi Abba said that Rav Ḥiyya bar Ashi said that Rav said: If a bird flew under the flaps of one’s clothing on Shabbat and cannot get out, he may sit and secure it until dark and then take it.
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拉夫纳赫曼·巴尔·以撒 引我们在密释纳里所学的相驳:那头一个人若坐下就把门口塞满了,第二个人来坐在他旁边,那么头一个有责、第二个无责;纵那头一个起身走了也是一样。
Rav Naḥman bar Yitzḥak raised an objection based on that which we learned in the mishna: If the first person sat in the doorway and filled it, and a second person came and sat next to him, the first person is liable and the second is exempt, even if the first person stood and went.
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这里所说的「无责」,岂不像 安息日 这一卷里别处所说的一样,是事后无责、按理却不许么?
What, does this not mean here, as it does throughout tractate Shabbat, that he is exempt after the fact, but it is prohibited to do so ab initio?
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既是这样,拉夫 怎能说按理便可以坐着把那鸟拢住呢?
How then could Rav say one may sit and secure the bird ab initio?
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革玛拉 驳回这话:不然,密释纳所说的是无责而又许。
The Gemara rejects this: No, the statement in the mishna means that he is exempt and it is permitted ab initio.
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革玛拉 又说:这样讲密释纳也在情理之中,因为密释纳后半教说:第二个人所行的与什么相似呢?
The Gemara adds: So too, it is reasonable to explain the mishna that way from the fact that it was taught in the latter clause of the mishna: To what is this second person’s action similar?
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与人锁自己的屋门、要把家里看牢相似——恰好一只安息日以前就已捉住的鹿也一同关在里头。
To one who locks his house to secure it, and it turns out a deer that was trapped before Shabbat is also secured inside it.
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由此推之:他是无责而又许的,正如人锁自家的门一样。
By inference, he is exempt and it is permitted, just like one who locks the door to his house.
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革玛拉 断说:果然可以从这里断出这一层来。
The Gemara concludes: Indeed, learn from it that it is so.