「都打败仇敌」(撒母耳记上十四章四十七节)。
-
「都打败仇敌」(撒母耳记上十四章四十七节)。
he did them mischief” (i Samuel 14:47).
← 移入纹卷总目·第五章 怎样量定城界
这不是译本,是辅读层。中文承载文本本身,并逐句标出哪些是塔木德自己的话、 哪些是 施泰因扎尔茨 补入的解释,以及哪些地方翻译必然有所流失。
谢法利亚 的 威廉·戴维森 版用 <b> 标出塔木德原文,其余为
施泰因扎尔茨 补入。下面的比例是逐句从这个标记算出来的,不是判断。
这一面每读 4 句,只有一句以塔木德自己的话为主。把这件事藏起来, 读者会以为自己读的是塔木德;标出来,他才知道自己站在哪里。
「都打败仇敌」(撒母耳记上十四章四十七节)。
「都打败仇敌」(撒母耳记上十四章四十七节)。
he did them mischief” (i Samuel 14:47).
革玛拉 论 扫罗 一事,末了归到一句好话上。拉比约哈难 说:从哪里知道圣者、当受颂赞的,已经赦了他杀祭司之城 挪伯 那一桩罪呢?因为经上记着 撒母耳 的灵对他说:「耶和华必将你和以色列人交在非利士人的手里,明日你和你众子必与我在一处了」(撒母耳记上二十八章十九节)——「与我在一处」是说与我同在天上的帷幕之内,就是与义人先知 撒母耳 同一等次。
革玛拉 论 扫罗 一事,末了归到一句好话上。
The Gemara concludes the mention of Saul on a positive note.
拉比约哈难 说:从哪里知道圣者、当受颂赞的,已经赦了他杀祭司之城 挪伯 那一桩罪呢?
And Rabbi Yoḥanan said: From where is it derived that the Holy One, Blessed be He, forgave him for that sin, the massacre of Nov, the city of priests?
因为经上记着 撒母耳 的灵对他说:「耶和华必将你和以色列人交在非利士人的手里,明日你和你众子必与我在一处了」(撒母耳记上二十八章十九节)——「与我在一处」是说与我同在天上的帷幕之内,就是与义人先知 撒母耳 同一等次。
As it is stated that the spirit of Samuel said to him: “And the Lord will also deliver Israel with you into the hand of the Philistines, and tomorrow shall you and your sons be with me” (i Samuel 28:19); the phrase “with me” means within my partition together with me in heaven, i.e., on the same level as the righteous prophet Samuel.
革玛拉 回到先前那一问,就是密释纳那个字该怎样诵。拉比阿巴 说:若有人问得着犹大地的人——他们措辞是准的——我们所学的密释纳究竟是 מְאַבְּרִין(用 阿莱夫)还是 מְעַבְּרִין(用 阿因),就该去问他们。照样,论到头生牲畜的残疾,我们在密释纳里学那个指臀部的字,究竟是 אַכּוּזוֹ(用 阿莱夫)还是 עַכּוּזוֹ(用 阿因)呢?他们必晓得。
革玛拉 回到先前那一问,就是密释纳那个字该怎样诵。
The Gemara returns to the earlier question with regard to the correct reading of the word me’abberin.
拉比阿巴 说:若有人问得着犹大地的人——他们措辞是准的——我们所学的密释纳究竟是 מְאַבְּרִין(用 阿莱夫)还是 מְעַבְּרִין(用 阿因),就该去问他们。
Rabbi Abba said: If there is anyone who can ask the people of Judea, who are precise in their language, whether the term in the mishna that we learned is me’abberin with an alef or me’abberin with an ayin, he should ask them.
照样,论到头生牲畜的残疾,我们在密释纳里学那个指臀部的字,究竟是 אַכּוּזוֹ(用 阿莱夫)还是 עַכּוּזוֹ(用 阿因)呢?
Similarly, with regard to the blemishes of a firstborn animal, was the term meaning its hindquarters that we learned in the mishna akkuzo with an alef, or did we learn akkuzo with an ayin?
他们必晓得。
They would know.
革玛拉 答:有人去问犹大地的人,他们对他说:有的诵 מְאַבְּרִין 用 阿莱夫,有的诵 מְעַבְּרִין 用 阿因。有的诵 אַכּוּזוֹ 用 阿莱夫,有的诵 עַכּוּזוֹ 用 阿因。两样传法都有根据,哪一样也不算错。
革玛拉 答:有人去问犹大地的人,他们对他说:有的诵 מְאַבְּרִין 用 阿莱夫,有的诵 מְעַבְּרִין 用 阿因。
The Gemara answers: One asked the people of Judea, and they said to him: Some teach me’abberin with an alef, and some teach me’abberin with an ayin.
有的诵 אַכּוּזוֹ 用 阿莱夫,有的诵 עַכּוּזוֹ 用 阿因。
Some teach akkuzo with an alef, and some teach akkuzo with an ayin.
两样传法都有根据,哪一样也不算错。
Both versions are well founded and neither one is erroneous.
既说到犹大地的人措辞是准的,革玛拉 就问:这是怎么说呢?革玛拉 举一例作答:有一个犹大地的人对旁边的人说:我有一件斗篷要卖。他们对他说:你的斗篷是什么颜色的?他对他们说:像地上的甜菜——这就把那颜色说得极准,正是甜菜叶初出土时那一点青碧。
既说到犹大地的人措辞是准的,革玛拉 就问:这是怎么说呢?
Having mentioned that the people of Judea are precise in their speech, the Gemara asks: What is the meaning of this?
革玛拉 举一例作答:有一个犹大地的人对旁边的人说:我有一件斗篷要卖。
The Gemara answers with an example: As in the case of a certain person from Judea who said to those within earshot: I have a cloak to sell.
他们对他说:你的斗篷是什么颜色的?
They said to him: What color is your cloak?
他对他们说:像地上的甜菜——这就把那颜色说得极准,正是甜菜叶初出土时那一点青碧。
He said to them: Like beets on the ground, providing an exceedingly precise description of the exact shade of the cloak, the green tint of beet greens when they first sprout.
革玛拉 回到加利利的人,他们措辞是不准的。这是怎么说呢?革玛拉 举几个例:有一条 《巴拉伊塔》 教说,有一个加利利人一路走一路问人说:谁有 אֲמַר?谁有 אֲמַר?他们对他说:糊涂的加利利人,你说的是什么?加利利人喉音念不清楚,所以听不出他要的是骑的驴(חֲמוֹר)、喝的酒(חֲמַר)、穿的羊毛(עֲמַר),还是宰的羔羊(אִימַּר)。这就是加利利人措辞不准的一样样子。
革玛拉 回到加利利的人,他们措辞是不准的。
The Gemara returns to the people of the Galilee, who are not precise in their speech.
这是怎么说呢?
What is the meaning of this?
革玛拉 举几个例:有一条 《巴拉伊塔》 教说,有一个加利利人一路走一路问人说:谁有 אֲמַר?
The Gemara cites examples: As it was taught in a baraita that there was a certain person from the Galilee who would walk and say to people: Who has amar?
谁有 אֲמַר?
Who has amar?
他们对他说:糊涂的加利利人,你说的是什么?
They said to him: Foolish Galilean, what do you mean?
加利利人喉音念不清楚,所以听不出他要的是骑的驴(חֲמוֹר)、喝的酒(חֲמַר)、穿的羊毛(עֲמַר),还是宰的羔羊(אִימַּר)。
Galileans did not pronounce the guttural letters properly, so it was unclear whether he sought a donkey [ḥamor] to ride, or wine [ḥamar] to drink, wool [amar] to wear, or a lamb [imar] to slaughter.
这就是加利利人措辞不准的一样样子。
This is an example of the lack of precision in the Galileans’ speech.
革玛拉 再举一例说加利利人措辞不准:有一个妇人本要对邻舍说「你来,我给你奶吃」(תָּאִי דְּאוֹכְלִיךְ חֲלָבָא),只因字咬得不清,说出来却成了「我的邻舍,愿母狮吃了你」(תּוֹכְלִיךְ לָבִיא)。
革玛拉 再举一例说加利利人措辞不准:有一个妇人本要对邻舍说「你来,我给你奶吃」(תָּאִי דְּאוֹכְלִיךְ חֲלָבָא),只因字咬得不清,说出来却成了「我的邻舍,愿母狮吃了你」(תּוֹכְלִיךְ לָבִיא)。
The Gemara cites another example of the lack of linguistic precision of the Galileans: There was a certain woman who wanted to say to her friend: My neighbor, come and I will feed you milk [ta’i de’okhlikh ḥelba]; however, due to the imprecise articulation of her words, she said to her: My neighbor, may a lioness eat you [tokhlikh lavya].
革玛拉 再举一例说加利利人不学无礼:有一个妇人到审判官面前,本要说「我主我尊」(מָרִי כִּירִי,那个字用 库夫),我有一块木板,被人偷了去(טַבְלָא הֲוָית לִי וּגְנַבוּהָ מִנַּאי)。她说出来却成了:我主我奴(מָרִי כִּירִי,那个字用 卡弗),我有一根梁木,他们把你从我这里偷了去(טַפְלָא הֲוָית לִי וּגְנַבוּךְ מִין)。那梁木还那样长,把你吊在上头,你的脚还够不着地。
革玛拉 再举一例说加利利人不学无礼:有一个妇人到审判官面前,本要说「我主我尊」(מָרִי כִּירִי,那个字用 库夫),我有一块木板,被人偷了去(טַבְלָא הֲוָית לִי וּגְנַבוּהָ מִנַּאי)。
The Gemara cites another example of the ignorance and incivility of the Galileans: There was a certain woman who came before a judge intending to say: Master, sir [Mari kiri, spelled with a kuf], I had a board, and they stole it from me [tavla havet li ugenavuha mimeni].
她说出来却成了:我主我奴(מָרִי כִּירִי,那个字用 卡弗),我有一根梁木,他们把你从我这里偷了去(טַפְלָא הֲוָית לִי וּגְנַבוּךְ מִין)。
But instead she said to him: Master, servant [Mari kiri, spelled with a kaf], I had a beam and they stole you from me [tafla havet li ugenavukh min].
那梁木还那样长,把你吊在上头,你的脚还够不着地。
And it was so large, that when they would hang you upon it, your feet would not reach the ground.
加利利人的话既显出不学无礼,革玛拉 就举犹大地的人与众贤者措辞机巧的例:拉比犹大·哈纳西 家的使女说话隐晦、用讳饰之辞或谜语的时候,是这样说的:舀酒的勺子已经磕着瓮底了。叫鹰飞回巢里去罢——就是说叫门生们回家去,酒没有了。
加利利人的话既显出不学无礼,革玛拉 就举犹大地的人与众贤者措辞机巧的例:拉比犹大·哈纳西 家的使女说话隐晦、用讳饰之辞或谜语的时候,是这样说的:舀酒的勺子已经磕着瓮底了。
In contrast to the speech of the Galileans, which indicates ignorance and loutishness, the Gemara cites examples of the clever phraseology of the inhabitants of Judea and the Sages: The maidservant in the house of Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi, when she would speak enigmatically, employing euphemistic terminology or in riddles, she would say as follows: The ladle used for drawing wine from the jug is already knocking against the bottom of the jug, i.e., the wine jug is almost empty.
叫鹰飞回巢里去罢——就是说叫门生们回家去,酒没有了。
Let the eagles fly to their nests, i.e., let the students return home, as there is nothing left for them to drink.
拉比犹大·哈纳西 要留他们坐着的时候,她就对他们说:我们再起开一个瓮的塞子,叫勺子在瓮里浮着,像船行在海上一样。
拉比犹大·哈纳西 要留他们坐着的时候,她就对他们说:我们再起开一个瓮的塞子,叫勺子在瓮里浮着,像船行在海上一样。
And when Rabbi Yehuda HaNasi wanted them to sit, she would say to them: Let us remove the stopper from another jug, and let the ladle float in the jug like a ship sailing in the sea.
革玛拉 又记着:拉比约西·巴尔·阿西扬 说隐晦之语的时候,是这样说的:给我预备「牛在审判中,在贫山上」。他的法子是把希伯来字译作亚兰字、把亚兰字译作希伯来字,再拼成新词。「牛」亚兰语作 שׁוֹר;「审判」作 מִשְׁפָּט。两下拼起来,成了 תְּרָדִין,就是甜菜。「山」希伯来语作 הַר,他们念作 חַר;「贫」作 דַּל。两下合起来,正拼作 חַרְדָּל,就是芥末。这样,拉比约西·巴尔·阿西扬 所要的是芥末拌甜菜。
革玛拉 又记着:拉比约西·巴尔·阿西扬 说隐晦之语的时候,是这样说的:给我预备「牛在审判中,在贫山上」。
The Gemara also relates that when Rabbi Yosei bar Asyan would speak enigmatically, he would say: Prepare for me an ox in judgment on a poor mountain.
他的法子是把希伯来字译作亚兰字、把亚兰字译作希伯来字,再拼成新词。
His method was to construct words by combining words from Aramaic translations of Hebrew words or Hebrew translations of Aramaic words.
「牛」亚兰语作 שׁוֹר;「审判」作 מִשְׁפָּט。
Ox is tor in Aramaic; judgment is din.
两下拼起来,成了 תְּרָדִין,就是甜菜。
Combined they form teradin, beets.
「山」希伯来语作 הַר,他们念作 חַר;「贫」作 דַּל。
Mountain in Hebrew is har, which they pronounced ḥar; poor is dal.
两下合起来,正拼作 חַרְדָּל,就是芥末。
Together it spells ḥardal, mustard.
这样,拉比约西·巴尔·阿西扬 所要的是芥末拌甜菜。
Thus, Rabbi Yosei bar Asyan was requesting beets in mustard.
他要打听客店的时候,就这样说:这里这个人是生的,这是什么好处呢?「这里这个人是生的」也是照样逐字译过来再拼成的:「人」希伯来语作 גְּבַר,「这里」作 פּוּם,「这」作 דֵּין,「生」作 חַי。合起来听着就是 אוּשְׁפִּיזִיכְנָא,就是客店的主人(依 拉比奴·哈纳内尔 之解)。换句话说,拉比约西·巴尔·阿西扬 是在打听那客店的主人。
他要打听客店的时候,就这样说:这里这个人是生的,这是什么好处呢?
And when he would inquire about an inn, he would say as follows: This man here is raw; what is this good that there is?
「这里这个人是生的」也是照样逐字译过来再拼成的:「人」希伯来语作 גְּבַר,「这里」作 פּוּם,「这」作 דֵּין,「生」作 חַי。
The phrase “this man here is raw” is used in a similar syllable-by-syllable translation: man in Hebrew is ish; here is po; this is zeh; and raw is na.
合起来听着就是 אוּשְׁפִּיזִיכְנָא,就是客店的主人(依 拉比奴·哈纳内尔 之解)。
All together, they sound like ushpazikhna, i.e., an innkeeper (Rabbeinu Ḥananel).
换句话说,拉比约西·巴尔·阿西扬 是在打听那客店的主人。
In other words, Rabbi Yosei bar Asyan was asking after the innkeeper.
拉比阿巴胡 说隐晦之语的时候,是这样说的:把炭弄成 香橼 的颜色,把那金色的敲开——就是把炭摊开,炭烧红了正如金子;再给我预备两个「暗中报信的」,就是公鸡,天还黑着就报晓。也有人传作略不同的一样:叫他们在那上头、就是在炭上,给我烤两个「暗中报信的」。
拉比阿巴胡 说隐晦之语的时候,是这样说的:把炭弄成 香橼 的颜色,把那金色的敲开——就是把炭摊开,炭烧红了正如金子;再给我预备两个「暗中报信的」,就是公鸡,天还黑着就报晓。
When Rabbi Abbahu would speak enigmatically, he would say as follows: Make the coals the color of an etrog; beat the golden ones, i.e., spread out the coals, which redden like gold when they glow; and make me two speakers-in-the-dark, i.e., roosters, which announce the dawn when it is still dark.
也有人传作略不同的一样:叫他们在那上头、就是在炭上,给我烤两个「暗中报信的」。
Some say a slightly different version: And they shall make me in them, on the coals, i.e., roast for me on top of the coals, two speakers-in-the-dark.
众拉比也照样机巧地对 拉比阿巴胡 说:请你指给我们(הַצְפִּינֵנוּ),拉比埃莱 藏(צָפוּן)在哪里,我们不知他的去处。他对他们说:他与那「后来的」(אַחֲרוֹנִית)、「亚伦家的」(אַהֲרוֹנִית)女子欢乐;她「活泼」(עֵירָנִית),叫他「不得睡」(וְהִנְעִירַתּוּ)。
众拉比也照样机巧地对 拉比阿巴胡 说:请你指给我们(הַצְפִּינֵנוּ),拉比埃莱 藏(צָפוּן)在哪里,我们不知他的去处。
In a similarly clever manner, the Sages said to Rabbi Abbahu: Show us [hatzpinenu] where Rabbi Elai is hiding [tzafun], as we do not know his whereabouts.
他对他们说:他与那「后来的」(אַחֲרוֹנִית)、「亚伦家的」(אַהֲרוֹנִית)女子欢乐;她「活泼」(עֵירָנִית),叫他「不得睡」(וְהִנְעִירַתּוּ)。
He said to them: He rejoiced with the latter [aḥaronit] Aharonic [Aharonit] girl; she is lively [eiranit] and kept him awake [vehiniratu].
这句隐语有两样解法:有人说是指一个妇人,就是他娶了祭司家的少年女子作续弦,是乡下来的,如今他睡着,因为她夜里叫他不得睡。
这句隐语有两样解法:有人说是指一个妇人,就是他娶了祭司家的少年女子作续弦,是乡下来的,如今他睡着,因为她夜里叫他不得睡。
There are two ways to understand this cryptic statement: Some say it refers to a woman, i.e., he married a young girl from a priestly family [Aharonic], who is his second [latter] wife, from a village [eiranit], and he is sleeping now because she kept him awake during the night.
也有人说是指一卷书。「女子」指那一卷;「亚伦家的」含着说那是 圣物 部的一卷,所论的是祭司的职事。「后来的」是说那是他新近所习的一课;「活泼」是说那一门难懂。他既通宵温书,如今就睡着了。
也有人说是指一卷书。
And some say it refers to a tractate.
「女子」指那一卷;「亚伦家的」含着说那是 圣物 部的一卷,所论的是祭司的职事。
The term girl refers to the tractate; Aharonic indicates that it is a tractate from the order of Kodashim, which deals with the priestly service.
「后来的」是说那是他新近所习的一课;「活泼」是说那一门难懂。
The phrase the latter means that it is his latest course of study, and lively alludes to the challenging nature of the subject matter.
他既通宵温书,如今就睡着了。
Since he was awake all night studying, he is presently sleeping.
革玛拉 接着说:众人对 拉比埃莱 说:请你指给我们,拉比阿巴胡 藏在哪里,我们不知他在何处。他对他们说:他与那立冠的、就是设立众贤者的 纳西 商议过,往南(וְהִנְגִּיב)到 米非波设 那里去了——就是往南方众贤者那里去了,此处以 米非波设 指他们,那是 扫罗 王的孙子、当时的大贤者。
革玛拉 接着说:众人对 拉比埃莱 说:请你指给我们,拉比阿巴胡 藏在哪里,我们不知他在何处。
The Gemara continues: They said to Rabbi Elai: Show us where Rabbi Abbahu is hiding, as we do not know where he is.
他对他们说:他与那立冠的、就是设立众贤者的 纳西 商议过,往南(וְהִנְגִּיב)到 米非波设 那里去了——就是往南方众贤者那里去了,此处以 米非波设 指他们,那是 扫罗 王的孙子、当时的大贤者。
He said to them: He has taken counsel with the one who crowns, i.e., the Nasi, who appoints the Sages, and has gone south [hingiv] to Mephibosheth, i.e., he has headed to the Sages of the south, referred to here as Mephibosheth, who was King Saul’s grandson and a great Sage of his time.
既议过众贤者措辞的机巧,革玛拉 就记着 拉比约书亚·本·哈拿尼雅 这样说:我生平与人对答,从没有人胜过我,只有一个妇人、一个男童、一个女童。那妇人怎样胜过我呢?有一次我住在一家客店,女主人给我预备豆子。头一天我吃了,一点没剩——按礼本该在盘里留下些的。第二天我又吃了,一点没剩。第三天她把豆子盐放多了,咸得不能吃。我一尝就缩手不吃了。
既议过众贤者措辞的机巧,革玛拉 就记着 拉比约书亚·本·哈拿尼雅 这样说:我生平与人对答,从没有人胜过我,只有一个妇人、一个男童、一个女童。
Having discussed the clever speech of various Sages, the Gemara relates that Rabbi Yehoshua ben Ḥananya said as follows: In all my days, no person defeated me in a verbal encounter except for a woman, a young boy, and a young girl.
那妇人怎样胜过我呢?
What is the encounter in which a woman got the better of me?
有一次我住在一家客店,女主人给我预备豆子。
One time I was staying at a certain inn and the hostess prepared me beans.
头一天我吃了,一点没剩——按礼本该在盘里留下些的。
On the first day I ate them and left nothing over, although proper etiquette dictates that one should leave over something on his plate.
第二天我又吃了,一点没剩。
On the second day I again ate and left nothing over.
第三天她把豆子盐放多了,咸得不能吃。
On the third day she over-salted them so that they were inedible.
我一尝就缩手不吃了。
As soon as I tasted them, I withdrew my hands from them.
她对我说:我的拉比,你为什么不像前几天那样吃豆子呢?我不愿叫她难堪,就对她说:我白天已经吃过了。她对我说:那你该少吃些饼,留个地方给豆子才是。
她对我说:我的拉比,你为什么不像前几天那样吃豆子呢?
She said to me: My Rabbi, why aren’t you eating beans as on the previous days?
我不愿叫她难堪,就对她说:我白天已经吃过了。
Not wishing to offend her, I said to her: I have already eaten during the daytime.
她对我说:那你该少吃些饼,留个地方给豆子才是。
She said to me: You should have withdrawn your hand from bread and left room for some beans.
她又对我说:我的拉比,你前几天想必没有在盘里留下剩的,所以今天才留起来。众贤者岂不是说过:炖锅 里不必留剩的,盘里却要留下些,为的是礼貌(依 托萨福 之解)。这就是那妇人胜过 拉比约书亚·本·哈拿尼雅 的一件。
她又对我说:我的拉比,你前几天想必没有在盘里留下剩的,所以今天才留起来。
She then said to me: My Rabbi, perhaps you did not leave a remainder of food on your plate on the first days, which is why you are leaving over food today.
众贤者岂不是说过:炖锅 里不必留剩的,盘里却要留下些,为的是礼貌(依 托萨福 之解)。
Isn’t this what the Sages said: One need not leave a remainder in the pot [ilpas], but one must leave a remainder on the plate as an expression of etiquette (Tosafot).
这就是那妇人胜过 拉比约书亚·本·哈拿尼雅 的一件。
This is the incident in which a woman got the better of Rabbi Yehoshua ben Ḥananya.
那女童的一件是怎样呢?有一次我在路上走,那路从一片田里穿过去,我就在上头走。有一个女童对我说:我的拉比,这岂不是一片田么?人不该穿田而过,免得踏坏那里长着的庄稼。我对她说:这岂不是田里踏熟了的一条路、人可以走的么?她对我说:正是你这样的强人踏出来的。换句话说:从前穿这片田本是不许的,单因有你们这等不把禁令放在心上的人,才踏出这一条路来。那女童就这样在辩论上胜过了 拉比约书亚·本·哈拿尼雅。
那女童的一件是怎样呢?
What is the incident with a young girl?
有一次我在路上走,那路从一片田里穿过去,我就在上头走。
One time I was walking along the path, and the path passed through a field, and I was walking on it.
有一个女童对我说:我的拉比,这岂不是一片田么?
A certain young girl said to me: My Rabbi, isn’t this a field?
人不该穿田而过,免得踏坏那里长着的庄稼。
One should not walk through a field, so as not to damage the crops growing there.
我对她说:这岂不是田里踏熟了的一条路、人可以走的么?
I said to her: Isn’t it a well-trodden path in the field, across which one is permitted to walk?
她对我说:正是你这样的强人踏出来的。
She said to me: Robbers like you have trodden it.
换句话说:从前穿这片田本是不许的,单因有你们这等不把禁令放在心上的人,才踏出这一条路来。
In other words, it previously had been prohibited to walk through this field, and it is only due to people such as you, who paid no attention to the prohibition, that a path has been cut across it.
那女童就这样在辩论上胜过了 拉比约书亚·本·哈拿尼雅。
Thus, the young girl defeated Rabbi Yehoshua ben Ḥananya in a debate.
那男童的一件是怎样呢?有一次我在路上走,看见一个男童坐在岔路口。我对他说:我们走哪一条路进城呢?他对我说:这一条又短又长,那一条又长又短。我就走那又短又长的一条。及至走近那城,我见四围尽是园圃果林,不知从哪条小径穿过去进城。
那男童的一件是怎样呢?
What is the incident with a young boy?
有一次我在路上走,看见一个男童坐在岔路口。
One time I was walking along the path, and I saw a young boy sitting at the crossroads.
我对他说:我们走哪一条路进城呢?
And I said to him: On which path shall we walk in order to get to the city?
他对我说:这一条又短又长,那一条又长又短。
He said to me: This path is short and long, and that path is long and short.
我就走那又短又长的一条。
I walked on the path that was short and long.
及至走近那城,我见四围尽是园圃果林,不知从哪条小径穿过去进城。
When I approached the city I found that gardens and orchards surrounded it, and I did not know the trails leading through them to the city.
我折回去又遇见那男童,对他说:我儿,你岂不是对我说这一条是短的么?他对我说:我岂不是也对你说它是长的么?我就亲他的头,对他说:以色列啊,你是有福的,从老到少都这样大有智慧。
我折回去又遇见那男童,对他说:我儿,你岂不是对我说这一条是短的么?
I went back and met the young boy again and said to him: My son, didn’t you tell me that this way is short?
他对我说:我岂不是也对你说它是长的么?
He said to me: And didn’t I tell you that it is also long?
我就亲他的头,对他说:以色列啊,你是有福的,从老到少都这样大有智慧。
I kissed him on his head and said to him: Happy are you, O Israel, for you are all exceedingly wise, from your old to your young.
既议过机巧之言与犹太妇人的智慧,革玛拉 就记下面这一件:加利利人拉比约西 在路上走,遇见 贝鲁莉娅。他对她说:我们走哪一条路往 吕大 去呢?她对他说:糊涂的加利利人,众贤者岂不是说过「不可与妇人多言」么?你这一问该说得省些才是:往 吕大 走哪条路?
既议过机巧之言与犹太妇人的智慧,革玛拉 就记下面这一件:加利利人拉比约西 在路上走,遇见 贝鲁莉娅。
Having discussed wise speech and the wisdom of Jewish women, the Gemara cites the following story: Rabbi Yosei HaGelili was walking along the way, and met Berurya.
他对她说:我们走哪一条路往 吕大 去呢?
He said to her: On which path shall we walk in order to get to Lod?
她对他说:糊涂的加利利人,众贤者岂不是说过「不可与妇人多言」么?
She said to him: Foolish Galilean, didn’t the Sages say: Do not talk much with women?
你这一问该说得省些才是:往 吕大 走哪条路?
You should have said your question more succinctly: Which way to Lod?
革玛拉 再记 贝鲁莉娅 的智慧:贝鲁莉娅 遇见一个门生,诵书的时候只低声念,不肯扬声。
革玛拉 再记 贝鲁莉娅 的智慧:贝鲁莉娅 遇见一个门生,诵书的时候只低声念,不肯扬声。
The Gemara relates more of Berurya’s wisdom: Berurya came across a certain student who was whispering his studies rather than raising his voice.