41b.1
推论
因为你心里若以为 拉夫犹大 说所断的 哈拉哈 通指密释纳所举的各样都依众拉比的意思、连亚布月九日逢安息日前一日那一样也在内,就有一处难:拉巴 岂不是把这一件提在 拉夫犹大 面前作疑,而他并没有答他么?这就见得他于这一题并没有一个定断。
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因为你心里若以为 拉夫犹大 说所断的 哈拉哈 通指密释纳所举的各样都依众拉比的意思、连亚布月九日逢安息日前一日那一样也在内,就有一处难:拉巴 岂不是把这一件提在 拉夫犹大 面前作疑,而他并没有答他么?
as, if it should enter your mind to say that Rav Yehuda said that the halakha is in accordance with the opinion of the Rabbis with regard to all the cases in the mishna, including that of the Ninth of Av that occurs on Shabbat eve, there is a difficulty: Didn’t Rabba raise a dilemma before Rav Yehuda with regard to this issue, and he did not answer him?
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这就见得他于这一题并没有一个定断。
This demonstrates that he did not have a decisive ruling on this subject.
41b.2
反驳
革玛拉 回说:照你的意思、以为这一件本未有定断,那么 玛尔祖特拉 奉 拉夫胡纳 之名所讲说的又有一处难——他说:所断的 哈拉哈 是安息日前一日当禁食、且当守到日末。拉巴 岂不是也把这一疑提在 拉夫胡纳 面前,而他也没有答他么?那么 玛尔祖特拉 怎能奉 拉夫胡纳 之名传这一断呢?
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革玛拉 回说:照你的意思、以为这一件本未有定断,那么 玛尔祖特拉 奉 拉夫胡纳 之名所讲说的又有一处难——他说:所断的 哈拉哈 是安息日前一日当禁食、且当守到日末。
The Gemara responds: And according to your opinion, that the issue had not been resolved, there is a difficulty with that which Mar Zutra expounded in the name of Rav Huna: The halakha is that one fasts and completes the fast on Shabbat eve.
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拉巴 岂不是也把这一疑提在 拉夫胡纳 面前,而他也没有答他么?
Didn’t Rabba also raise this dilemma before Rav Huna, and he too did not answer him?
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那么 玛尔祖特拉 怎能奉 拉夫胡纳 之名传这一断呢?
How could Mar Zutra have reported this halakhic ruling in the name of Rav Huna?
41b.3
解答
所以你必得说:拉巴 提在 拉夫胡纳 面前那一疑,是在 拉夫胡纳 听见 拉夫 论这一题所断以先;至于这一句、就是 玛尔祖特拉 所传 拉夫胡纳 的话,是他听见 拉夫 所断以后说的,那时这一件于他已经明白了。这里论 拉夫犹大 也可以照样说:拉巴 提在 拉夫犹大 面前那一疑,是在 拉夫犹大 听见 拉夫 论这一题所断以先,所以他不知怎样答 拉巴;至于这一句、就是 拉夫犹大 奉 拉夫 之名所说的,是他听见以后说的。
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所以你必得说:拉巴 提在 拉夫胡纳 面前那一疑,是在 拉夫胡纳 听见 拉夫 论这一题所断以先;至于这一句、就是 玛尔祖特拉 所传 拉夫胡纳 的话,是他听见 拉夫 所断以后说的,那时这一件于他已经明白了。
Rather, you must say that this dilemma that Rabba raised to Rav Huna was before Rav Huna heard Rav’s ruling on the subject; whereas this, i.e., Rav Huna’s statement as cited by Mar Zutra, was made after he heard Rav’s ruling on the matter, and the problem was resolved for him.
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这里论 拉夫犹大 也可以照样说:拉巴 提在 拉夫犹大 面前那一疑,是在 拉夫犹大 听见 拉夫 论这一题所断以先,所以他不知怎样答 拉巴;至于这一句、就是 拉夫犹大 奉 拉夫 之名所说的,是他听见以后说的。
Here, too, with regard to Rav Yehuda, we can say that this dilemma that Rabba raised before Rav Yehuda was before Rav Yehuda heard Rav’s ruling on the topic, and therefore he did not know how to answer Rabba; whereas this, i.e., Rav Yehuda’s statement in the name of Rav, was made after he heard it.
41b.4
引证
革玛拉 把上头顺带引过的那一句再说一遍:玛尔祖特拉 奉 拉夫胡纳 之名讲说:所断的 哈拉哈 是安息日与节期前一日当禁食、且当守到日末。
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革玛拉 把上头顺带引过的那一句再说一遍:玛尔祖特拉 奉 拉夫胡纳 之名讲说:所断的 哈拉哈 是安息日与节期前一日当禁食、且当守到日末。
The Gemara repeats the statement cited above in passing: Mar Zutra expounded in the name of Rav Huna: The halakha is that one fasts and completes the fast on the eves of Shabbat and Festivals.
41b.5
引证
章末语:「我们必再回到你这里,以何物合界」——第三章(Bakol me'arvin)到此为止。本章自 26之间.17 起,先立密释纳论立界所用之物:院界之合、界域之合、合巷道,各样食物都可用,惟水与盐不可;凡食物都可用第二样什一之银买,惟水与盐不可;起誓不吃养身之物的,水与盐仍许。又论可以用酒为拿细耳人立界、用举祭为以色列人立界,因那于别人是合用的;苏马霍斯 却说为以色列人只可用未分别为圣的。次论祭司可否在疑骨之田、坟地里立界。由「凡食物」一语引出 拉比约哈难 那条通例:凡通则之言不可据以推断,纵说了「惟……不然」也是一样(27a)。次论第二样什一之银可买什么——本·巴格·巴格 解申命记 14:26「牛、羊、清酒、浓酒」四语,由此引出「概括与限定」与「通则与个例」两路释经法之争,并鱼与飞鸟算不算「地所出之物再出的」(27之间–28a)。次论各样食物立界各须多少:水芹、马齿苋、草木樨、菟丝子、青麦、枣、棕心、苹果、啤酒、炒麦糊、炒麦、湿豆、生甜菜、生肉、生蛋,末了归到「作佐食的够就着吃两餐,本身是食物的够吃两餐」(28a–30a)。次论量按常人算还是按各人算——病人老人按自己算,贪食的仍按常人算;并巴珊王噩的尸首所要的口(30a)。次论立界所用之物的分位:未净什一税食物、已分举祭的头一层什一、已赎的第二层什一都可用,未分什一之物、未分举祭的头一层什一、未赎的第二层什一都不可用;托聋哑人痴愚人幼童送去的不算数,托人在那处接过来的才算数(31a–31之间)。中间夹着「受托的人必办成所受之托」这一推定通到 妥拉 之律没有的一大段(32a)。次论 合界 所放之处:树上十掌以上不算数、以下算数,坑里纵深百肘也算数,篮里、苇顶、木杆顶、锁着的柜里各样情形(32之间–35a)。次论所疑的 合界 算不算数——拉比梅伊尔 从严、拉比约西 从宽,由此牵出「追认」那条通例的一大段,援礼池之疑、鸟对之分、赎第二样什一的钱、古提人 之酒诸例反复相验(35a–37之间)。末了论节期与安息日相连时算一重圣分还是两重——可否为那两日往两边各立一个 合界,并岁首日两日、散居之地节期两日的同一问(38a–39之间);又论岁首日的祷告当不当另提月朔,岁首日、赎罪日当不当诵《使我们存活》,并安息日前一日禁食守不守到日末(40a–41a)。末段立密释纳论人被外邦人强带出界、或被恶灵带出界的,只可走四肘;并众贤者从 培兰达尔辛 回来、船在安息日出海那一件(41之间)。本卷十章,这是第三处。
41b.6
引密释纳
人被外邦人强带出安息日之界,或被恶灵带出去、就是一时癫狂而发觉自己在界外的,他从所站之处只可走四肘。
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人被外邦人强带出安息日之界,或被恶灵带出去、就是一时癫狂而发觉自己在界外的,他从所站之处只可走四肘。
With regard to one whom gentiles forcibly took him out beyond the Shabbat limit, or if an evil spirit took him out, i.e., he was temporarily insane, and found himself outside the Shabbat limit, he has only four cubits that he may walk from where he is standing.
41b.7
引密释纳
那外邦人若把他送回来,或他仍在那恶灵的势力之下而自己回来了,那就如同他从没有出过安息日之界,他仍可在原界之内往来如常。
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那外邦人若把他送回来,或他仍在那恶灵的势力之下而自己回来了,那就如同他从没有出过安息日之界,他仍可在原界之内往来如常。
If the gentiles returned him, or if he came back while still under the influence of the evil spirit, it is as though he had never left his Shabbat limit, and he may move about within his original limit as before.
41b.8
引密释纳
外邦人若把他带到别的一座有城墙的城,或把他放进牲栏或牛棚、就是圈牲畜的地方,众贤者就相争了。拉班迦玛列 与 拉比以利亚撒·本·亚撒利雅 说:他可以在全城走动,因为整座城算作四肘。拉比约书亚 与 拉比阿奇瓦 说:他从被放之处只可走四肘。
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外邦人若把他带到别的一座有城墙的城,或把他放进牲栏或牛棚、就是圈牲畜的地方,众贤者就相争了。
If the gentiles brought him to a different city that was surrounded by walls, or if they put him into a pen or a stable, i.e., animal enclosures, the Sages disagree.
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拉班迦玛列 与 拉比以利亚撒·本·亚撒利雅 说:他可以在全城走动,因为整座城算作四肘。
Rabban Gamliel and Rabbi Elazar ben Azarya say: He may walk about the entire city, as the whole city is considered like four cubits.
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拉比约书亚 与 拉比阿奇瓦 说:他从被放之处只可走四肘。
Rabbi Yehoshua and Rabbi Akiva say: He has only four cubits from where he was placed.
41b.9
引密释纳
密释纳记着:有一次这几位贤者从海外之地 培兰达尔辛 回来,他们的船安息日在海上开行,把他们载出了安息日之界。拉班迦玛列 与 拉比以利亚撒·本·亚撒利雅 在全船走动,因为他们以为整只船算作四肘;拉比约书亚 与 拉比阿奇瓦 却不出四肘,因为他们要待自己严些。
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密释纳记着:有一次这几位贤者从海外之地 培兰达尔辛 回来,他们的船安息日在海上开行,把他们载出了安息日之界。
The mishna relates: There was an incident where all of these Sages were coming from Pelandarsin, an overseas location, and their boat set sail on the sea on Shabbat, taking them beyond their Shabbat limit.
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拉班迦玛列 与 拉比以利亚撒·本·亚撒利雅 在全船走动,因为他们以为整只船算作四肘;拉比约书亚 与 拉比阿奇瓦 却不出四肘,因为他们要待自己严些。
Rabban Gamliel and Rabbi Elazar ben Azarya walked about the entire boat, as they hold that the entire boat is considered like four cubits, while Rabbi Yehoshua and Rabbi Akiva did not move beyond four cubits, as they sought to be stringent with themselves.
41b.10
引密释纳
密释纳又记着:有一次他们直到安息日前夕天黑以后才进 码头。众人对 拉班迦玛列 说:这时候下船,这条 哈拉哈 当怎样断呢?换句话说:安息日起头以先,我们已经在城界之内了么?
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密释纳又记着:有一次他们直到安息日前夕天黑以后才进 码头。
The mishna further relates that on one occasion, they did not enter the port [namel] until after nightfall on Shabbat eve.
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众人对 拉班迦玛列 说:这时候下船,这条 哈拉哈 当怎样断呢?
The others said to Rabban Gamliel: What is the halakha with regard to alighting from the boat at this time?
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换句话说:安息日起头以先,我们已经在城界之内了么?
In other words, were we already within the city’s limit before Shabbat commenced?
41b.11
引密释纳
他对他们说:你们可以下船,因为我看着,见天黑以先我们已经在城界之内了。我们在暮昏之际就在那城里定了居处。所以天黑以后在全城走动也是许的。
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他对他们说:你们可以下船,因为我看着,见天黑以先我们已经在城界之内了。
He said to them: You are permitted to alight, as I was watching, and I observed that we were already within the city’s limit before nightfall.
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我们在暮昏之际就在那城里定了居处。
We acquired our resting place in the city during the twilight period.
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所以天黑以后在全城走动也是许的。
Therefore, it is permitted to walk throughout the city even after nightfall.
41b.12
引证
革玛拉 既议过因恶灵而出安息日之界的人,就引一条相关的 《巴拉伊塔》,其中众贤者教说:有三样使人所行的既违自己的意愿、也违造他者的意愿,就是:外邦人、恶灵、并极穷之苦。
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革玛拉 既议过因恶灵而出安息日之界的人,就引一条相关的 《巴拉伊塔》,其中众贤者教说:有三样使人所行的既违自己的意愿、也违造他者的意愿,就是:外邦人、恶灵、并极穷之苦。
Since the Gemara discussed one who stepped beyond the Shabbat limit due to an evil spirit, the Gemara cites a related baraita, in which the Sages taught: Three matters cause a person to act against his own will and the will of his Maker, and they are: Gentiles, and an evil spirit, and the depths of extreme poverty.
41b.13
提问
革玛拉 问:这一句在律上有什么实在的用处呢?革玛拉 答:它的用处是教人为受这几样苦的人求怜悯。
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革玛拉 问:这一句在律上有什么实在的用处呢?
The Gemara asks: What is the practical halakhic difference that emerges from this statement?
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革玛拉 答:它的用处是教人为受这几样苦的人求怜悯。
The Gemara answers: It is significant as it teaches one to request mercy for people who suffer from those problems.
41b.14
引证
革玛拉 引一段相关的教训:有三等人不见 革希嫩 的面,因为他们在今世所受的苦已赎了他们的罪,就是:受极穷之苦的、患肠病的、并被债主逼的。有人说:连有恶妻常搅扰他的也在内。
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革玛拉 引一段相关的教训:有三等人不见 革希嫩 的面,因为他们在今世所受的苦已赎了他们的罪,就是:受极穷之苦的、患肠病的、并被债主逼的。
The Gemara cites a related teaching: Three classes of people do not see the face of Gehenna, because the suffering that they bear in this world atones for their sins, and they are: Those suffering the depths of extreme poverty, those afflicted with intestinal disease, and those oppressed by creditors.
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有人说:连有恶妻常搅扰他的也在内。
And some say: Even one who has an evil wife who constantly harasses him.
41b.15
提问
革玛拉 问:别的众贤者何以不把有恶妻的算在那不受 革希嫩 之罚的人里呢?革玛拉 答:他们以为休了恶妻本是一条诫命。所以那一样苦楚是有法可解的。
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革玛拉 问:别的众贤者何以不把有恶妻的算在那不受 革希嫩 之罚的人里呢?
The Gemara asks: And why don’t the other Sages include one with an evil wife among those who will not be punished in Gehenna?
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革玛拉 答:他们以为休了恶妻本是一条诫命。
The Gemara answers: They maintain that it is a mitzva to divorce an evil wife.
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所以那一样苦楚是有法可解的。
Therefore, that source of distress can be remedied.
41b.16
解答
那么别的众贤者何以把恶妻算在内呢?革玛拉 答:有时她婚书上所当付的极多,他付不起,就休不得她。或者他与她生了儿女,自己养不来,所以也休不得她。
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那么别的众贤者何以把恶妻算在内呢?
And why do the other Sages include an evil wife?
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革玛拉 答:有时她婚书上所当付的极多,他付不起,就休不得她。
The Gemara answers: Sometimes payment of her marriage contract is very large, and consequently he cannot divorce her since he cannot afford to pay it.
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或者他与她生了儿女,自己养不来,所以也休不得她。
Alternatively, he has children from her, and he cannot raise them himself, and therefore he cannot divorce her.
41b.17
提问
革玛拉 问:这一句在律上有什么实在的用处呢?革玛拉 答:它的用处是教人甘心受那几样苦,知道那要免他 革希嫩 之罚。
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革玛拉 问:这一句在律上有什么实在的用处呢?
The Gemara asks: What is the practical halakhic difference that emerges from this statement?
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革玛拉 答:它的用处是教人甘心受那几样苦,知道那要免他 革希嫩 之罚。
The Gemara answers: It is significant as it teaches one to accept those afflictions with love, knowing that they will exempt him from the punishment of Gehenna.
41b.18
引证
照样又教说:有三等人容易在与人说话之间就死了、就是猝然而死——他们看着身体尚好、还说得出话——就是:患肠病的、临产的妇人、并患 水肿 的。
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照样又教说:有三等人容易在与人说话之间就死了、就是猝然而死——他们看着身体尚好、还说得出话——就是:患肠病的、临产的妇人、并患 水肿 的。
It was similarly taught: Three classes of people are liable to die while conversing with others, i.e., to die suddenly, although they appear to be in good health and are capable of engaging in conversation, and they are: Those afflicted with intestinal sickness, and a woman in childbirth, and one who is sick with edema [hidrokan].
41b.19
提问
革玛拉 又问:这一句在律上有什么实在的用处呢?革玛拉 答:它的用处是教人为他们预备殓衣,免得猝然要用而没有。
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革玛拉 又问:这一句在律上有什么实在的用处呢?
Once again the Gemara asks: What is the practical halakhic difference that emerges from this statement?
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革玛拉 答:它的用处是教人为他们预备殓衣,免得猝然要用而没有。
The Gemara answers: It is significant as it teaches one to prepare shrouds for them, in case they need them suddenly.
41b.20
提问
革玛拉 接着细论那条密释纳:拉夫纳赫曼 说 撒母耳 说:人若明知而出了安息日之界,他只可走四肘。革玛拉 问:这是明摆着的。人被外邦人强带出界的尚且只可走四肘,那么明知而自己出去的,还用得着教「他只可走四肘」么?
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革玛拉 接着细论那条密释纳:拉夫纳赫曼 说 撒母耳 说:人若明知而出了安息日之界,他只可走四肘。
The Gemara proceeds to analyze the mishna: Rav Naḥman said that Shmuel said: If one knowingly went out beyond the Shabbat limit, he has only four cubits that he may walk.
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革玛拉 问:这是明摆着的。
The Gemara asks: This is obvious.
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人被外邦人强带出界的尚且只可走四肘,那么明知而自己出去的,还用得着教「他只可走四肘」么?
Now, if with regard to one whom gentiles forcibly took out beyond the Shabbat limit, he has only four cubits, with regard to one who knowingly went out, is it necessary to teach that he has no more than four cubits within which he may walk?
41b.21
解答
所以当说 拉夫纳赫曼 那话的意思是:他被外邦人带出去之后,明知而自己回到界内的,也只可走四肘,不可再多。
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所以当说 拉夫纳赫曼 那话的意思是:他被外邦人带出去之后,明知而自己回到界内的,也只可走四肘,不可再多。
Rather, say that Rav Naḥman’s statement means: If he returned knowingly to within the Shabbat limit after having been taken out by gentiles, he has only four cubits within which he may walk, but no more.
41b.22
反驳
革玛拉 问:这一层我们也从密释纳的字句细读得出来:外邦人若把他送回界内,那就如同他从没有出过安息日之界,他仍可往来如常。照此可推:惟外邦人自己把他送回来的,才如同他从没有出过界。至于外邦人把他带出去、他自己明知而回到界内的,那就如同他明知而出去,只可走四肘。
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革玛拉 问:这一层我们也从密释纳的字句细读得出来:外邦人若把他送回界内,那就如同他从没有出过安息日之界,他仍可往来如常。
The Gemara asks: This, too, we learned from a precise reading of the mishna: If the gentiles returned him to within the Shabbat limit it is as though he had never left the Shabbat limit, and he may move about as before.
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照此可推:惟外邦人自己把他送回来的,才如同他从没有出过界。
By inference, it is specifically when the gentiles themselves returned him that it is as though he never left his Shabbat limit.
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至于外邦人把他带出去、他自己明知而回到界内的,那就如同他明知而出去,只可走四肘。
However, if gentiles took him out, and then he returned knowingly to his Shabbat limit, it is as though he left knowingly, and he has only four cubits within which he may walk.
41b.23
解答
所以当把 拉夫纳赫曼 那话这样说:他若明知而出了安息日之界,后来被外邦人强送回界内,他只可走四肘,虽然他回来并非出于自愿。
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所以当把 拉夫纳赫曼 那话这样说:他若明知而出了安息日之界,后来被外邦人强送回界内,他只可走四肘,虽然他回来并非出于自愿。
Rather, say Rav Naḥman’s statement as follows: If he knowingly went out beyond the Shabbat limit, and was later forcibly returned by gentiles to within his limit, he has only four cubits that he may walk, although he was restored to within his limit against his will.
41b.24
反驳
革玛拉 提一难:这一层我们也从密释纳的字句细读得出来:外邦人强把他带出去、后来又送他回来的,那就如同他从没有出过界。照此可推:惟外邦人自己强把他带出去、又自己送他回来的,才如同他从没有出过安息日之界。至于他明知而自己出去的,那就不然,纵后来被外邦人强送回来,这条 哈拉哈 也不这样断。
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革玛拉 提一难:这一层我们也从密释纳的字句细读得出来:外邦人强把他带出去、后来又送他回来的,那就如同他从没有出过界。
The Gemara raises a difficulty: This, too, we learned from a precise reading of the mishna: If gentiles forcibly took him out and later returned him, it is as though he never left.
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照此可推:惟外邦人自己强把他带出去、又自己送他回来的,才如同他从没有出过安息日之界。
By inference, it is specifically when the gentiles themselves forcibly took him out and then themselves returned him that it is as though he never left the Shabbat limit.
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至于他明知而自己出去的,那就不然,纵后来被外邦人强送回来,这条 哈拉哈 也不这样断。
However, if he knowingly went out, no, that is not the halakha, even if he was later forcibly returned by gentiles.
41b.25
解答
革玛拉 答:拉夫纳赫曼 那话所以要立,是免得你说密释纳或许不是指着一样情形说的,乃是分说两样:被外邦人强带出安息日之界、后来明知而自己回来的,只可走四肘。至于他明知而自己出了安息日之界、后来被外邦人强送回来的,倒如同他从没有出过界,仍可在原界之内往来如常。所以 拉夫纳赫曼 教我们说:他若自愿出了安息日之界、后来被外邦人强送回来,那仍算作他明知而回来,只可走四肘。
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革玛拉 答:拉夫纳赫曼 那话所以要立,是免得你说密释纳或许不是指着一样情形说的,乃是分说两样:被外邦人强带出安息日之界、后来明知而自己回来的,只可走四肘。
The Gemara answers: Rav Naḥman’s statement is necessary lest you say that perhaps the mishna is not referring to one specific case, but rather it is teaching disjunctively, i.e., referring to two separate cases, as follows: One who was forcibly taken out beyond the Shabbat limit by gentiles and later returned knowingly has only four cubits within which to walk.
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至于他明知而自己出了安息日之界、后来被外邦人强送回来的,倒如同他从没有出过界,仍可在原界之内往来如常。
But if he knowingly went out beyond the Shabbat limit and was later forcibly returned by gentiles, it is as though he had never left, and he may move within his original limit as before.
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所以 拉夫纳赫曼 教我们说:他若自愿出了安息日之界、后来被外邦人强送回来,那仍算作他明知而回来,只可走四肘。
Therefore, Rav Naḥman teaches us that if he willingly went out beyond the Shabbat limit and was later forcibly returned by gentiles, it is considered as though he had returned knowingly, so that he has only four cubits within which to walk.
41b.26
提问
有人在 拉巴 面前提出一疑:人既限在四肘之内,若要出恭而近处无隐蔽之处,这条 哈拉哈 当怎样断呢?他对他们说:众贤者立了一条通例——人的体面为大,连 妥拉 的一条禁令也压得过;所以人可以越过众贤者所定的安息日之界,好体面地出恭。
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有人在 拉巴 面前提出一疑:人既限在四肘之内,若要出恭而近处无隐蔽之处,这条 哈拉哈 当怎样断呢?
They raised a dilemma before Rabba: If a person who is restricted to an area of four cubits needed to relieve himself and no secluded spot is available, what is the halakha?
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他对他们说:众贤者立了一条通例——人的体面为大,连 妥拉 的一条禁令也压得过;所以人可以越过众贤者所定的安息日之界,好体面地出恭。
He said to them: The Sages established a principle that great is human dignity, which even supersedes a negative precept of the Torah, and therefore a person is permitted to overstep the Shabbat limit fixed by the Sages in order to relieve himself modestly.
41b.27
解答
尼哈尔德阿 的众贤者说:这人若灵巧,就往自己原有的安息日之界里走;他既已获准进去,进去了就可以留在那里。
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尼哈尔德阿 的众贤者说:这人若灵巧,就往自己原有的安息日之界里走;他既已获准进去,进去了就可以留在那里。
The Sages of Neharde’a said: If this person is clever, he will enter into his original Shabbat limit, and since he was permitted to enter it, he entered, and may remain there.
41b.28
引证
拉夫帕帕 说:出产被带出安息日之界、后来又送回来的,纵是故意送回的,那出产也没有失了它的地方,仍可在全界之内搬运。这条 哈拉哈 所本的是什么呢?是那出产并非自愿出去的,乃是被人带出、出于它所不能自主的。
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拉夫帕帕 说:出产被带出安息日之界、后来又送回来的,纵是故意送回的,那出产也没有失了它的地方,仍可在全界之内搬运。
Rav Pappa said: With regard to produce that was taken out beyond the Shabbat limit and was later returned, even if this was done intentionally, the produce has not lost its place; rather, it may still be carried within the entire limit.
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这条 哈拉哈 所本的是什么呢?
What is the reason for this halakha?
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是那出产并非自愿出去的,乃是被人带出、出于它所不能自主的。
It is that the produce did not go out willingly, but was taken due to circumstances beyond its control.
41b.29
反驳
拉夫约瑟·巴尔·谢玛亚 据一条 《巴拉伊塔》 驳 拉夫帕帕 的意思:拉比尼希米 与 拉比以利以谢·本·雅各 说:那出产实在不可搬过四肘,除非它是无意中被送回原处的。照此可推:无意送回的才许,故意送回的就不许。
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拉夫约瑟·巴尔·谢玛亚 据一条 《巴拉伊塔》 驳 拉夫帕帕 的意思:拉比尼希米 与 拉比以利以谢·本·雅各 说:那出产实在不可搬过四肘,除非它是无意中被送回原处的。
Rav Yosef bar Shemaya raised an objection to the opinion of Rav Pappa from a baraita: Rabbi Neḥemya and Rabbi Eliezer ben Ya’akov say: It is actually prohibited to carry the produce beyond four cubits, unless it was returned to its place unwittingly.
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照此可推:无意送回的才许,故意送回的就不许。
By inference, if it was returned unwittingly, yes, it is permitted, but if it was returned intentionally, it is not.
41b.30
解答
革玛拉 答:这一件本是众 坦拿 所争的,因为有一条 《巴拉伊塔》 教说:出产被带出安息日之界的,若是无意带出的,仍可吃;若是故意带出的,就不可吃。
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革玛拉 答:这一件本是众 坦拿 所争的,因为有一条 《巴拉伊塔》 教说:出产被带出安息日之界的,若是无意带出的,仍可吃;若是故意带出的,就不可吃。
The Gemara answers: This is subject to a dispute between the tanna’im, as it was taught in a baraita: With regard to produce that was taken out beyond the Shabbat limit, if it was taken out unwittingly, it may be eaten; but if it was taken out intentionally, it may not be eaten.