11b.1
引证
藤条绕着木桩编成的辫子作隔断,就杂种之律算许——那算是一道隔断,使人可在近处栽葡萄;就安息日之律却不算。拉比约哈难 说:这样的藤辫既就安息日之律不算隔断,就杂种之律也照样不算。两位在这里所争的意思,看来与上头所引那一争里各人的意思相驳。
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藤条绕着木桩编成的辫子作隔断,就杂种之律算许——那算是一道隔断,使人可在近处栽葡萄;就安息日之律却不算。
A braid of vines plaited around poles to form a partition is permitted with regard to diverse kinds, i.e., it is considered a partition that renders planting grapevines in close proximity to other crops permitted, but not with regard to Shabbat.
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拉比约哈难 说:这样的藤辫既就安息日之律不算隔断,就杂种之律也照样不算。
And Rabbi Yoḥanan said: Just as such a braid is not considered a partition with regard to Shabbat, so too it is not considered a partition with regard to diverse kinds.
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两位在这里所争的意思,看来与上头所引那一争里各人的意思相驳。
Their opinions in the dispute here apparently contradict their opinions in the dispute cited above.
11b.2
解答
雷什·拉基什 这话与那话看着相驳,其实不难:这一处说藤辫连安息日之律也算隔断的,是他自己的意思;那一处说单就杂种之律算隔断的,是他老师 拉比哈尼纳之子拉比犹大 的意思。只是 拉比约哈难 这话与 拉比约哈难 那话看着相驳,那就难了。
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雷什·拉基什 这话与那话看着相驳,其实不难:这一处说藤辫连安息日之律也算隔断的,是他自己的意思;那一处说单就杂种之律算隔断的,是他老师 拉比哈尼纳之子拉比犹大 的意思。
Granted, the apparent contradiction between one statement of Reish Lakish and the other statement of Reish Lakish poses no difficulty, as this statement, according to which such a braid of vines is an effective partition even with regard to Shabbat, reflects his own opinion; that statement, according to which it is an effective partition only with regard to diverse kinds, reflects the opinion of his teacher, Rabbi Yehuda, son of Rabbi Ḥanina.
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只是 拉比约哈难 这话与 拉比约哈难 那话看着相驳,那就难了。
However, the apparent contradiction between one statement of Rabbi Yoḥanan and the other statement of Rabbi Yoḥanan, poses a difficulty.
11b.3
提问
你若说那一处、就是 拉比约哈难 断藤辫于杂种之律算隔断的,说的是藤搭在桩顶上;这一处、就是他断连杂种之律也不算的,说的是藤从旁边贴在桩上——如此就讲得通。可你若说这一处那一处都是从旁边贴的,那还有什么可说的呢?
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你若说那一处、就是 拉比约哈难 断藤辫于杂种之律算隔断的,说的是藤搭在桩顶上;这一处、就是他断连杂种之律也不算的,说的是藤从旁边贴在桩上——如此就讲得通。
Granted, if you say that there, where Rabbi Yoḥanan ruled that a braid of vines is an effective partition with regard to diverse kinds, it is referring to a case where the vines were placed on top of the posts, while here, where he rules that it is ineffective even with regard to diverse kinds, it is referring to a case where they were attached to the posts from the side, it works out well.
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可你若说这一处那一处都是从旁边贴的,那还有什么可说的呢?
However, if you say that both this and that are cases where the vines were attached from the side, what is there to say?
11b.4
解答
革玛拉 答:其实这一处那一处都是藤从旁边贴在旁柱上的。那一处、就是 拉比约哈难 断藤辫于杂种之律算隔断的,说的是桩与桩只相距十肘;这一处、就是他断连杂种之律也不算的,说的是桩与桩相距过十肘。
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革玛拉 答:其实这一处那一处都是藤从旁边贴在旁柱上的。
The Gemara answers: Actually, both this and that are cases where the vines were attached to the side posts from the side.
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那一处、就是 拉比约哈难 断藤辫于杂种之律算隔断的,说的是桩与桩只相距十肘;这一处、就是他断连杂种之律也不算的,说的是桩与桩相距过十肘。
There, where Rabbi Yoḥanan ruled that the braid is an effective partition with regard to diverse kinds, it is referring to a case where the poles were only ten cubits apart; here, where he rules that it is ineffective even with regard to diverse kinds, it is referring to a case where the poles were more than ten cubits apart.
11b.5
引证
你从哪里说十肘的口与过十肘的口当分别看呢?因为 拉比约哈难 对 雷什·拉基什 说:那件事不是那样过的。拉比约书亚 往 拉比约哈难·本·努里 那里学 妥拉——他自己本是精于杂种诸 哈拉哈 的——去了见他坐在树间;拉比约书亚 就从这棵树拉一条藤到那棵树,对他说:拉比,这里、就是围起来的地方若有葡萄藤,那边、就是隔断外头下别样的种子,这条 哈拉哈 当怎样断呢?拉比约哈难·本·努里 对他说:树与树只相距十肘的,许;相距过十肘的,禁。
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你从哪里说十肘的口与过十肘的口当分别看呢?
And from where do you say that we distinguish between an opening of ten cubits and an opening of more than ten cubits?
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因为 拉比约哈难 对 雷什·拉基什 说:那件事不是那样过的。
As Rabbi Yoḥanan said to Reish Lakish: That is not the way that the incident transpired.
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拉比约书亚 往 拉比约哈难·本·努里 那里学 妥拉——他自己本是精于杂种诸 哈拉哈 的——去了见他坐在树间;拉比约书亚 就从这棵树拉一条藤到那棵树,对他说:拉比,这里、就是围起来的地方若有葡萄藤,那边、就是隔断外头下别样的种子,这条 哈拉哈 当怎样断呢?
As Rabbi Yehoshua went to Rabbi Yoḥanan ben Nuri to study Torah, even though Rabbi Yehoshua himself was an expert in the halakhot of diverse kinds and found him sitting among the trees, and Rabbi Yehoshua stretched a vine from one tree to another and said to him: Rabbi, if there are grapevines here, in the enclosed area, what is the halakha with regard to sowing diverse kinds of seeds here, on the other side of the partition?
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拉比约哈难·本·努里 对他说:树与树只相距十肘的,许;相距过十肘的,禁。
Rabbi Yoḥanan ben Nuri said to him: In a case where the trees are only ten cubits apart, it is permitted; however, where they are more than ten cubits apart, it is prohibited.
11b.6
提问
革玛拉 讲明那一件:我们这里说的是哪一样呢?你若说藤是搭在树顶上的,那么相距过十肘就禁么?论杂种岂不是有一条 《巴拉伊塔》 教说:那里若有叉形的芦苇,人在其上编成藤辫,芦苇纵相距过十肘,也是许的?就杂种之律而论,门的形状若作得合式,断然管用。
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革玛拉 讲明那一件:我们这里说的是哪一样呢?
The Gemara clarifies the case: With what are we dealing here?
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你若说藤是搭在树顶上的,那么相距过十肘就禁么?
If you say that the vines were placed on top of the trees, when they are more than ten cubits apart is it prohibited?
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论杂种岂不是有一条 《巴拉伊塔》 教说:那里若有叉形的芦苇,人在其上编成藤辫,芦苇纵相距过十肘,也是许的?
But wasn’t it taught in a baraita with regard to diverse kinds: If there were forked reeds there and he plaited a braid of vines above them, then even if the reeds were set more than ten cubits apart, it is permitted?
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就杂种之律而论,门的形状若作得合式,断然管用。
With regard to diverse kinds, the form of a doorway when properly constructed is certainly effective.
11b.7
推论
所以那岂不是说他把藤从旁边贴在树上、而对他说:树与树只相距十肘的许,相距过十肘的禁么?革玛拉 断说:正当从这里学得——桩相距十肘与相距过十肘有分别;这一分别就解开了 拉比约哈难 两话相驳的难处。
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所以那岂不是说他把藤从旁边贴在树上、而对他说:树与树只相距十肘的许,相距过十肘的禁么?
Rather, is it not referring to a case where he attached the vines to the trees from the side, and he is saying to him: In a case where the trees are only ten cubits apart, it is permitted; however, in a case where the trees are more than ten cubits apart, it is prohibited?
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革玛拉 断说:正当从这里学得——桩相距十肘与相距过十肘有分别;这一分别就解开了 拉比约哈难 两话相驳的难处。
The Gemara concludes: Indeed, learn from it that there is a distinction between poles that are ten cubits apart and poles that are more than ten cubits apart, and that this distinction resolves the contradiction between the two statements of Rabbi Yoḥanan.
11b.8
引证
革玛拉 如今来查上头所引 拉夫希斯达 那话本身。拉夫希斯达 说:人若从旁边作成门的形状——把横着的横梁贴在竖桩的两侧,不搭在桩顶上——就等于什么也没作。
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革玛拉 如今来查上头所引 拉夫希斯达 那话本身。
The Gemara now examines the matter itself with regard to Rav Ḥisda’s statement cited above.
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拉夫希斯达 说:人若从旁边作成门的形状——把横着的横梁贴在竖桩的两侧,不搭在桩顶上——就等于什么也没作。
Rav Ḥisda said: If one prepared an opening in the form of a doorway from the side, placing the horizontal cross beam to the sides, rather than on top, of the vertical posts, he has not done anything.
11b.9
引证
拉夫希斯达 又说:众贤者所说的门的形状,须结实得能在其上挂门,纵是草编的薄门也算。
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拉夫希斯达 又说:众贤者所说的门的形状,须结实得能在其上挂门,纵是草编的薄门也算。
And Rav Ḥisda also said: The opening in the form of a doorway of which the Sages spoke must be strong enough to mount a door in it, and even if it is merely a flimsy door of straw.
11b.10
解答
雷什·拉基什 奉 拉比雅奈 之名说:门的形状须在门柱上留一个枢的记号。革玛拉 问:枢的记号是什么呢?拉夫阿维亚 说:是 枢窝,门枢插进去的那个眼,如此才挂得上门扇。
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雷什·拉基什 奉 拉比雅奈 之名说:门的形状须在门柱上留一个枢的记号。
Reish Lakish said in the name of Rabbi Yannai: The opening in the form of a doorway requires a mark in the doorpost for hinges.
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革玛拉 问:枢的记号是什么呢?
The Gemara asks: What is a mark for hinges?
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拉夫阿维亚 说:是 枢窝,门枢插进去的那个眼,如此才挂得上门扇。
Rav Avya said: Loops [avkata] into which the hinge is inserted, so that it will be possible to mount a door in the doorway.
11b.11
解答
革玛拉 记着:拉夫阿维亚之子拉夫阿哈 有一次遇见 拉夫阿施 的门生,就问他们说:先生 拉夫阿施 论门的形状说过什么话没有?他们对他说:他一字未言——这就见得枢的记号不是必须的。
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革玛拉 记着:拉夫阿维亚之子拉夫阿哈 有一次遇见 拉夫阿施 的门生,就问他们说:先生 拉夫阿施 论门的形状说过什么话没有?
The Gemara relates that Rav Aḥa, the son of Rav Avya, once found the students of Rav Ashi and said to them: Did the Master, Rav Ashi, say anything with regard to an opening in the form of a doorway?
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他们对他说:他一字未言——这就见得枢的记号不是必须的。
They said to him: He said nothing, implying that an indication for hinges is unnecessary.
11b.12
引证
有一位贤者教一条 《巴拉伊塔》 说:他们所说的门的形状,是这边一根芦苇,那边一根芦苇,上头再横一根。革玛拉 问:下头那两根须高到挨着上头那一根么,还是不必挨着?拉夫纳赫曼 说:不必挨着;拉夫舍舍特 说:须挨着。
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有一位贤者教一条 《巴拉伊塔》 说:他们所说的门的形状,是这边一根芦苇,那边一根芦苇,上头再横一根。
A Sage taught a baraita: The form of a doorway of which they spoke consists of a reed from here, on one side, and a reed from there, on the opposite side, and a reed on top of them.
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革玛拉 问:下头那两根须高到挨着上头那一根么,还是不必挨着?
The Gemara asks: Need the lower reeds reach high enough to touch the upper reed, or do they not need to touch it?
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拉夫纳赫曼 说:不必挨着;拉夫舍舍特 说:须挨着。
Rav Naḥman said: They do not need to touch it; and Rav Sheshet said: They need to touch it.
11b.13
引证
革玛拉 记着:拉夫纳赫曼 竟照自己的意思,在流亡领袖的府上办了一件事。他作了一道门的形状,上头那根芦苇并不挨着下头那两根。拉夫舍舍特 对他的侍者 拉夫加达 说:你去,把那几根芦苇拆下来扔了。那侍者就去,把芦苇拆下来扔了。流亡领袖府上的人发觉了他,就把他拘起来,因为他毁了那道许他们搬运的门形。拉夫舍舍特 便去站在狱门口,向他喊说:加达,出来,到我这里来。流亡领袖的人就放了他,他便出来到 拉夫舍舍特 那里。
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革玛拉 记着:拉夫纳赫曼 竟照自己的意思,在流亡领袖的府上办了一件事。
The Gemara relates that Rav Naḥman went ahead and performed an action in the house of the Exilarch in accordance with his own opinion.
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他作了一道门的形状,上头那根芦苇并不挨着下头那两根。
He constructed an opening in the form of a doorway such that the upper reed was not in contact with the lower reeds.
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拉夫舍舍特 对他的侍者 拉夫加达 说:你去,把那几根芦苇拆下来扔了。
Rav Sheshet said to his attendant, Rav Gadda: Go, remove those reeds and throw them away.
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那侍者就去,把芦苇拆下来扔了。
The attendant went, removed the reeds, and threw them away.
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流亡领袖府上的人发觉了他,就把他拘起来,因为他毁了那道许他们搬运的门形。
Members of the Exilarch’s court found him and imprisoned him for destroying the form of a doorway that permitted them to carry.
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拉夫舍舍特 便去站在狱门口,向他喊说:加达,出来,到我这里来。
Rav Sheshet went and stood at the door of the prison, and called out to him: Gadda, go out and come to me.
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流亡领袖的人就放了他,他便出来到 拉夫舍舍特 那里。
The Exilarch’s men released him, and he went out and came to Rav Sheshet.
11b.14
引证
革玛拉 记着:拉夫舍舍特 有一次遇见 拉巴·巴尔·撒母耳,就对他说:先生论门的形状那几条 哈拉哈 教过什么没有?他对他说:教过。我们在一条 《巴拉伊塔》 里学过:拱形的门道,拉比梅伊尔 断那家主须钉 门柱经匣,众拉比断他不必。只是两下都说:那门道两边的竖墩——就是起拱以先的两条竖边——若有十掌高,那门道就须有 门柱经匣。
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革玛拉 记着:拉夫舍舍特 有一次遇见 拉巴·巴尔·撒母耳,就对他说:先生论门的形状那几条 哈拉哈 教过什么没有?
The Gemara relates that Rav Sheshet once found Rabba bar Shmuel and said to him: Did the Master teach anything with regard to the halakhot of the form of a doorway?
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他对他说:教过。我们在一条 《巴拉伊塔》 里学过:拱形的门道,拉比梅伊尔 断那家主须钉 门柱经匣,众拉比断他不必。
He said to him: Yes, we learned in a baraita: With regard to an arched gateway, Rabbi Meir deems the owner obligated to affix a mezuza, and the Rabbis deem him exempt.
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只是两下都说:那门道两边的竖墩——就是起拱以先的两条竖边——若有十掌高,那门道就须有 门柱经匣。
However, they both agree that if its supports, the vertical sides of the gate before it arches, are ten handbreadths high, that the gate requires a mezuza.
11b.15
解答
为讲明这一争,阿巴耶 说:众人都说,整个拱若有十掌高、而两边的竖墩不足三掌,或者竖墩有三掌高、而整个拱不足十掌,那拱一概不须 门柱经匣。这两样门道都不够门的形状的尺寸,故不须 门柱经匣。
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为讲明这一争,阿巴耶 说:众人都说,整个拱若有十掌高、而两边的竖墩不足三掌,或者竖墩有三掌高、而整个拱不足十掌,那拱一概不须 门柱经匣。
In order to explain the dispute, Abaye said: Everyone agrees that if the entire arch is ten handbreadths high, but its supports are less than three handbreadths high, or, alternatively, if its supports are three handbreadths high but the entire arch is less than ten handbreadths high, the arch requires no mezuza at all.
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这两样门道都不够门的形状的尺寸,故不须 门柱经匣。
Both of these gateways lack the requisite parameters of the form of a doorway to require a mezuza.
11b.16
解答
他们所争的,是竖墩有三掌高、整个拱有十掌高,而在十掌那一线上拱宽不足四掌;只是那里还有余地可以凿开,凑足四掌,使拱口宽四掌、高十掌。
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他们所争的,是竖墩有三掌高、整个拱有十掌高,而在十掌那一线上拱宽不足四掌;只是那里还有余地可以凿开,凑足四掌,使拱口宽四掌、高十掌。
Where they disagree is in a case where the supports are three handbreadths high and the entire arch is ten handbreadths high, and at the height of ten handbreadths the arch is less than four handbreadths wide; however, there is room to carve out the area to complete it to four handbreadths, so that the opening of the arch measures four handbreadths wide and ten handbreadths high.
11b.17
推论
阿巴耶 讲明这一争:拉比梅伊尔 以为人可以凿开凑足四掌——就是把那拱看作已经凿开的,口就够了尺寸。众拉比则以为人不凿开那拱去凑足四掌。在十掌那一线上口既实在不足四掌,就不必钉 门柱经匣。拉巴·巴尔·撒母耳 这话见得众人都说:门楣不必挨着门口的两根门柱——拱口若在十掌那一线上宽足四掌,纵顶上被拱隔开、不直接挨着门柱,也须有 门柱经匣。照样,论门的形状,上头那根芦苇也不必挨着下头两根——这与 拉夫舍舍特 的意思相反。
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阿巴耶 讲明这一争:拉比梅伊尔 以为人可以凿开凑足四掌——就是把那拱看作已经凿开的,口就够了尺寸。
Abaye explains the dispute: Rabbi Meir holds that one carves out the area to complete the four handbreadths, i.e., the arch is considered as though it has already been carved out, and the opening has the necessary dimensions.
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众拉比则以为人不凿开那拱去凑足四掌。
And the Rabbis hold that one does not carve out the arch to complete the four handbreadths.
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在十掌那一线上口既实在不足四掌,就不必钉 门柱经匣。
Since the opening is not actually four handbreadths wide at a height of ten handbreadths, no mezuza need be affixed.
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拉巴·巴尔·撒母耳 这话见得众人都说:门楣不必挨着门口的两根门柱——拱口若在十掌那一线上宽足四掌,纵顶上被拱隔开、不直接挨着门柱,也须有 门柱经匣。
Rabba bar Shmuel indicates that everyone agrees that the lintel need not touch the doorposts of the entrance; if the arch’s opening were four handbreadths wide at a height of ten handbreadths, it would require a mezuza even though the ceiling is separated by the arch and does not touch the doorposts directly.
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照样,论门的形状,上头那根芦苇也不必挨着下头两根——这与 拉夫舍舍特 的意思相反。
So too, with regard to the form of a doorway, the upper reed need not touch the lower reeds, contrary to the opinion of Rav Sheshet.
11b.18
反驳
拉夫舍舍特 对 拉巴·巴尔·撒母耳 说:你若遇见流亡领袖府上的人,论拱形门道那条 《巴拉伊塔》,一字不要对他们说——那是驳我的证据。
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拉夫舍舍特 对 拉巴·巴尔·撒母耳 说:你若遇见流亡领袖府上的人,论拱形门道那条 《巴拉伊塔》,一字不要对他们说——那是驳我的证据。
Rav Sheshet said to Rabba bar Shmuel: If you find them, do not say to the members of the Exilarch’s household anything with regard to this baraita of an arched gateway, as it is proof against my opinion.
11b.19
引密释纳
使巷道于安息日可以搬运,其法有一场根本的争论。沙迈学派 说:旁柱与横梁两样都要。希列学派 说:旁柱或横梁,有一样就够。拉比以利以谢 说:要两根旁柱,巷口两边各一根。
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使巷道于安息日可以搬运,其法有一场根本的争论。
There is a basic dispute with regard to the method of rendering an alleyway fit for one to carry within it on Shabbat.
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沙迈学派 说:旁柱与横梁两样都要。
Beit Shammai say: Both a side post and a cross beam are required.
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希列学派 说:旁柱或横梁,有一样就够。
Beit Hillel say: Either a side post or a cross beam.
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拉比以利以谢 说:要两根旁柱,巷口两边各一根。
Rabbi Eliezer says: Two side posts are required, one on each side of the alleyway.
11b.20
引证
有一位门生奉 拉比以实玛利 之名在 拉比阿奇瓦 面前说:巷道不足四肘宽的,沙迈学派 与 希列学派 并不相争——两下都说旁柱或横梁有一样就许搬运。那么他们所争的是什么呢?是宽过四肘、至十肘为止的巷道:沙迈学派 说旁柱与横梁两样都要。希列学派 说旁柱或横梁有一样就够。拉比阿奇瓦 对那门生说:不是这样——这一样、就是不足四肘宽的巷道,那一样、就是四肘到十肘宽的巷道,他们两下都争。
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有一位门生奉 拉比以实玛利 之名在 拉比阿奇瓦 面前说:巷道不足四肘宽的,沙迈学派 与 希列学派 并不相争——两下都说旁柱或横梁有一样就许搬运。
In the name of Rabbi Yishmael, one student said before Rabbi Akiva: Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel did not disagree about an alleyway that is less than four cubits wide, as they both agree that carrying is rendered permitted by either a side post or a cross beam.
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那么他们所争的是什么呢?
With regard to what did they disagree?
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是宽过四肘、至十肘为止的巷道:沙迈学派 说旁柱与横梁两样都要。
It is with regard to an alleyway that is wider than four cubits, and up to ten cubits wide; as Beit Shammai say: It requires both a side post and a cross beam.
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希列学派 说旁柱或横梁有一样就够。
And Beit Hillel say: It requires either a side post or a cross beam.
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拉比阿奇瓦 对那门生说:不是这样——这一样、就是不足四肘宽的巷道,那一样、就是四肘到十肘宽的巷道,他们两下都争。
Rabbi Akiva said to the disciple: It is not so, as they disagree both about this case, i.e., an alleyway that is less than four cubits wide, and about that case, i.e., an alleyway that is between four and ten cubits wide.
11b.21
提问
革玛拉 未先讲明密释纳里各人的意思,先要断定:这条密释纳是依谁的意思教的呢?看来既不依 哈纳尼亚,也不依那条 《巴拉伊塔》 里无名的头一位 坦拿——那两位所争的是两头相对开向公共区的巷道。他们所争的是:一头作成门的形状、另一头立旁柱架横梁,够不够使巷内可以搬运;还是至少一头须有真的门扇。只是两下都说:单有旁柱与横梁是不够的。革玛拉 此时既以为密释纳里 沙迈学派 与 希列学派 之争通于各样巷道——不拘一头闭着的,还是两头相对开向公共区的——那两位的意思就与此全然不同了。
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革玛拉 未先讲明密释纳里各人的意思,先要断定:这条密释纳是依谁的意思教的呢?
Before clarifying the various opinions in the mishna, the Gemara seeks to determine: In accordance with whose opinion was this mishna taught?
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看来既不依 哈纳尼亚,也不依那条 《巴拉伊塔》 里无名的头一位 坦拿——那两位所争的是两头相对开向公共区的巷道。
Apparently, it is neither in accordance with the opinion of Ḥananya, nor in accordance with the unattributed opinion of the first tanna of the baraita, who disagree about an alleyway that is open to a public domain on two opposite sides.
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他们所争的是:一头作成门的形状、另一头立旁柱架横梁,够不够使巷内可以搬运;还是至少一头须有真的门扇。
The dispute is whether the form of a doorway on one end and a side post and a cross beam on the other end suffice to render it permitted for one to carry within it, or whether actual doors are required, at least on one end.
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只是两下都说:单有旁柱与横梁是不够的。
However, they both agree that a side post and a cross beam alone are not effective.
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革玛拉 此时既以为密释纳里 沙迈学派 与 希列学派 之争通于各样巷道——不拘一头闭着的,还是两头相对开向公共区的——那两位的意思就与此全然不同了。
Since at this point the Gemara assumes that the dispute in the mishna between Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel applies to all alleyways, whether closed on one side or open on two opposite sides to the public domain, these opinions reflect an entirely different position.
11b.22
解答
拉夫犹大 说:密释纳的意思是这样:一头闭着的巷道,怎样才于安息日可以搬运呢?沙迈学派 说:旁柱与横梁两样都要。希列学派 说:旁柱或横梁,有一样就够。
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拉夫犹大 说:密释纳的意思是这样:一头闭着的巷道,怎样才于安息日可以搬运呢?
Rav Yehuda said that this is what the mishna is saying: How is a closed alleyway rendered fit for one to carry within it on Shabbat?
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沙迈学派 说:旁柱与横梁两样都要。
Beit Shammai say: It requires both a side post and a cross beam.
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希列学派 说:旁柱或横梁,有一样就够。
And Beit Hillel say: Either a side post or a cross beam.
11b.23
推论
革玛拉 论各人的意思所本。沙迈学派 说:旁柱与横梁两样都要。这岂是说 沙迈学派 以为一处要算作私人区,依 妥拉 之律须有四道隔断么?旁柱连横梁既算得一道隔断,他们不许巷内无旁柱而搬运,就见得他们以为私人区须有四道隔断。
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革玛拉 论各人的意思所本。
The Gemara discusses the basis of each opinion.
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沙迈学派 说:旁柱与横梁两样都要。
Beit Shammai say: It requires both a side post and a cross beam.
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这岂是说 沙迈学派 以为一处要算作私人区,依 妥拉 之律须有四道隔断么?
Is that to say that Beit Shammai hold that in order for an area to be considered a private domain, four partitions are required by Torah law?
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旁柱连横梁既算得一道隔断,他们不许巷内无旁柱而搬运,就见得他们以为私人区须有四道隔断。
Since a side post with a cross beam qualifies as a partition, the fact that they do not permit carrying within an alleyway without a side post indicates that they maintain that a private domain requires four partitions.
11b.24
反驳
革玛拉 驳这个讲法:不是,这算不得证据——许不许在其中搬运所要的墙数,断不出私人区的界限来。因为论 妥拉 所禁的、从公共区把物件抛进私人区那一条:一处围起来有了三道隔断,人依 妥拉 之律就有罪。只是要许人在私人区之内搬运,众拉比定下:非到四面都有隔断不许。
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革玛拉 驳这个讲法:不是,这算不得证据——许不许在其中搬运所要的墙数,断不出私人区的界限来。
The Gemara rejects this argument: No, there is no proof, as one cannot conclude the parameters for a private domain based on the number of walls required to permit carrying.
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因为论 妥拉 所禁的、从公共区把物件抛进私人区那一条:一处围起来有了三道隔断,人依 妥拉 之律就有罪。
As with regard to the Torah prohibition to throw an object into a private domain from the public domain, once an enclosed area has three partitions, one is liable by Torah law.
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只是要许人在私人区之内搬运,众拉比定下:非到四面都有隔断不许。
However, to permit one to carry an object within a private domain, the Rabbis decreed that it is not permitted until there are partitions on all four sides.
11b.25
推论
革玛拉 又要从 希列学派 所说的推:旁柱或横梁,有一样就够。这岂是说 希列学派 以为依 妥拉 之律至少须有三道隔断,不及此数的就不算私人区么?
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革玛拉 又要从 希列学派 所说的推:旁柱或横梁,有一样就够。
The Gemara attempts to draw an inference from that which Beit Hillel say: Either a side post or a cross beam is required.
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这岂是说 希列学派 以为依 妥拉 之律至少须有三道隔断,不及此数的就不算私人区么?
Is that to say that Beit Hillel hold that at least three partitions are required by Torah law, and that an area with fewer is not considered a private domain?
11b.26
反驳
革玛拉 也驳这个讲法:从这里引不出证据。论 妥拉 所禁的、从公共区把物件抛进私人区那一条:一处围起来单有两道隔断,人依 妥拉 之律就有罪。只是要许人在私人区之内搬运,众拉比定下:非到三面有隔断不许。横梁与旁柱本不作隔断用,只作显眼的记号,免得人错把物件搬出巷外。
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革玛拉 也驳这个讲法:从这里引不出证据。
The Gemara rejects this argument as well: No proof can be cited from here.
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论 妥拉 所禁的、从公共区把物件抛进私人区那一条:一处围起来单有两道隔断,人依 妥拉 之律就有罪。
With regard to the Torah prohibition to throw an object into a private domain from the public domain, once an enclosed area has merely two partitions, one is liable by Torah law.
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只是要许人在私人区之内搬运,众拉比定下:非到三面有隔断不许。
However, to permit one to carry an object within a private domain, the Rabbis decreed that it is not permitted until there are partitions on three sides.
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横梁与旁柱本不作隔断用,只作显眼的记号,免得人错把物件搬出巷外。
A cross beam and a side post do not function as partitions but merely as conspicuous markers, so that one does not mistakenly carry outside the alleyway.
11b.27
提问
我们在密释纳里学过:拉比以利以谢 说要两根旁柱。众贤者面前起了一疑:拉比以利以谢 的意思是说两根旁柱连横梁并要——比 沙迈学派 更严一层,横梁之外不止一根、乃要两根旁柱么?还是说要两根旁柱而不要横梁呢?
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我们在密释纳里学过:拉比以利以谢 说要两根旁柱。
We learned in the mishna that Rabbi Eliezer says: Two side posts are required.
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众贤者面前起了一疑:拉比以利以谢 的意思是说两根旁柱连横梁并要——比 沙迈学派 更严一层,横梁之外不止一根、乃要两根旁柱么?
A dilemma was raised before the Sages: Did Rabbi Eliezer intend to say that two side posts and a cross beam are required, adding a stringency to Beit Shammai’s opinion, that in addition to the cross beam not one, but two side posts are required?
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还是说要两根旁柱而不要横梁呢?
Or perhaps he intended to say that two side posts without a cross beam are required.
11b.28
引证
你来听 《托塞夫塔》 所记的一件事,可解这一疑。有一件事是这样:拉比以利以谢 往他的门生 拉比约西·本·佩里达 那里去——
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你来听 《托塞夫塔》 所记的一件事,可解这一疑。
Come and hear a resolution to this dilemma from that which was related in the Tosefta.
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有一件事是这样:拉比以利以谢 往他的门生 拉比约西·本·佩里达 那里去——
There was an incident involving Rabbi Eliezer, who went to Rabbi Yosei ben Perida, his disciple,