香与硫黄是搁在地上的,没有器皿;酿桶、灯、锅、炙叉则是把器皿宣告为无主之物。
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论到把香与硫黄放在衣裳与银器底下,沙迈学派 何以许了呢?
with regard to placing incense and sulfur beneath clothes and silver vessels, respectively, what is the reason Beit Shammai permitted this?
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革玛拉 答:所论的并不是把香放在器皿里的情形;那里的香是搁在地上的,所以并没有一件当安息的器皿。
The Gemara answers: The case under discussion was not one where the incense was placed in a vessel; rather, there, the incense was placed on the ground, and therefore there was no utensil that was obligated to rest.
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革玛拉 再问:把果子谷物放进去发酵成酒的酿桶;安息日的灯;天还亮着时搁在火上煮食的锅;天还亮着时插上肉去炙的 炙叉——这几样虽把犯禁的工作延到安息日里去,沙迈学派 何以许人在安息日前夕天还亮着时安放呢?
The Gemara asks further: A tub in which fruit or grains are placed to ferment into beer, and where they stay for an extended period; and a Shabbat lamp; and a pot in which food is being cooked, which they place on the fire while it is still day; and a spit [shapud] on which they placed food to roast while it is still day; what is the reason Beit Shammai permitted placing them on Shabbat eve while it is still day even though the prohibited labor continues over time, including on Shabbat?
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革玛拉 答:那几样是他把器皿宣告为无主之物的情形。
The Gemara answers: These are cases where he declares the utensils ownerless.
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依 沙迈学派,须在天还亮着的时候把器皿宣告为无主之物。
According to Beit Shammai, the utensils must be declared ownerless while it is still day.
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器皿一经宣告为无主之物,就不再属犹太人所有,也就没有当安息的责任了。
Once the utensils are declared ownerless, they no longer belong to a Jew and, consequently, there is no obligation to let them rest.