← 盛日卷总目·第六章 两只公山羊
这不是译本，是辅读层。中文承载文本本身，并逐句标出哪些是塔木德自己的话、 哪些是 施泰因扎尔茨 补入的解释，以及哪些地方翻译必然有所流失。
谢法利亚 的 威廉·戴维森 版用 <b> 标出塔木德原文，其余为
施泰因扎尔茨 补入。下面的比例是逐句从这个标记算出来的，不是判断。
这一面每读 8 句，只有一句以塔木德自己的话为主。把这件事藏起来， 读者会以为自己读的是塔木德；标出来，他才知道自己站在哪里。
续 拉比犹大·哈纳西 的同字相推：下面那几只是以分解、不剥皮的方式预备焚烧，这里也是以分解、不剥皮的方式。
下面那几只既是以分解、不剥皮的方式预备焚烧，这里也照样是以分解、不剥皮的方式。
Just as below it is prepared for burning by means of dissection and not by means of skinning, so too here it is by means of dissection and not by means of skinning.
革玛拉问：那里论要焚烧的赎罪祭公牛，从哪里知道要切块而不剥皮？答：《巴拉伊塔》 引「公牛的皮和所有的肉，并头、腿、内脏、粪，就是全公牛，要搬到营外洁净之地、倒灰之处，用火烧在柴上」（利未记 4:11–12），教他把它整只搬出去；或以为要整只烧，经上这里说「头、腿」，那里论燔祭也说「头、腿」——燔祭是分解了的，这里也分解。
革玛拉问：那里论要焚烧的赎罪祭公牛，我们从哪里推出它们要切块而不剥皮？
The Gemara asks: And there, with regard to bull sin-offerings that are burned, from where do we derive that they are cut but not skinned?
革玛拉答：正如一条 《巴拉伊塔》 所教：「公牛的皮和所有的肉，并头、腿、内脏、粪，就是全公牛，他要搬到营外洁净之地、倒灰之处，用火烧在柴上」（利未记 4:11–12）。
The Gemara answers: As it was taught in a baraita: “And the skin of the bull and all its flesh, with its head and with its legs, and its innards, and its dung, even the whole bull shall he carry outside the camp to a clean place, where the ashes are poured out, and burn it on wood with fire” (Leviticus 4:11–12).
这教导他要把它整只搬出去。
This teaches that he brings it out whole.
人或以为他当把它整只烧了。
One might have thought that he should burn it whole.
这里说「头、腿」，那里论燔祭也说「头、腿」。
It is stated here: Its head and its legs, and it is stated there, with regard to burnt-offerings, head and legs.
那里燔祭既是以分解的方式行的——经上明说——这里也照样以分解的方式行。
Just as there, the burnt-offering is performed by means of dissection, as explicitly stated in the verse, so too here it is by means of dissection.
革玛拉问：既如此，也可从同一同字相推推出：那里燔祭分解时要剥皮，这里也当剥皮。答：所以经上说「内脏和粪」。这推出什么？拉夫帕帕 说：粪在内脏里、人不取出；照样肉在皮里、人不把皮与肉分开。
革玛拉问：若是这样，就从同一同字相推推出下面这一层：那里论燔祭，分解是连剥皮一同行的，那么这里也当连剥皮一同行，他须在焚烧牲口之前把皮剥去。
The Gemara asks: If so, derive the following from the same verbal analogy: Just as there, in the case of burnt-offerings, the dissection is performed with skinning, so too here it is with skinning, and he must remove the skin of the animals before burning them.
革玛拉答：所以经上说：「内脏和粪。」革玛拉问：从这一语推出什么？
The Gemara answers: Therefore, the verse states “and its innards, and its dung.” The Gemara asks: What is the derivation from this phrase?
拉夫帕帕 说：粪既在内脏里，人不把它取出；照样，肉在皮里，人也不把皮与肉分开。
Rav Pappa said: Just as its dung is within its innards and they do not remove it, so too, its flesh is in its skin and they do not separate the skin from the flesh.
密释纳说 坦拿 争论公牛与公山羊从何时使抬者的衣服不洁。众贤依据经文教导 《巴拉伊塔》：「作赎罪祭的公牛和作赎罪祭的公山羊，其血既带入圣所赎罪，就要搬到营外焚烧」（利未记 16:27）。
密释纳教导：坦拿 争论公牛与公山羊从什么时候起使抬它们之人的衣服不洁。
§ It was taught in the mishna that the tanna’im disagree about the question of at what point the bull and goat render the garments of those who carried them impure.
众贤依据这一节经文教导一条 《巴拉伊塔》：「作赎罪祭的公牛和作赎罪祭的公山羊，其血既带入圣所赎罪，就要搬到营外焚烧」（利未记 16:27）。
The Sages taught a baraita based on the verse: “The bull of the sin-offering and the goat of the sin-offering whose blood was brought in to gain atonement in the sacred place, shall be taken outside the camp and they shall burn” (Leviticus 16:27).
《巴拉伊塔》 续：人会想：下面别的要焚烧的赎罪祭公牛，你给它们三营（出以色列营，圣殿时即出耶路撒冷），这里却只给一营（一出圣殿院子——神圣临在之营——就烧）？这不合理，不可接受。那么为何说「营外」？不是说只出一营，而是告诉你：它一出一营，就使抬者的衣服不洁。
人或会疑问：下面论到别的要焚烧的赎罪祭公牛，你给它们三营，就是说那些公牛要在以色列营外焚烧，在圣殿时代就是在耶路撒冷城外。
One might wonder: Below, with regard to other bull sin-offerings that are burned, you give them three camps, meaning that the bulls are burned outside the Israelite camp or, in the time of the Temple, outside Jerusalem.
这里你却只给它们一营，因为它们一被搬出圣殿院子就焚烧，而圣殿院子算作神圣临在之营。
And here you give them only one camp, as they are burned as soon as they are taken out of the Temple courtyard, which is considered the camp of the Divine Presence.
这似乎不合理，不可接受。
This seems unreasonable and is not to be accepted.
若是这样，为什么说「营外」呢？
If so, why is it stated: “Outside the camp”?
意思并不是说它们只出一营，而是要告诉你：它一出了一营，就立刻使抬它之人的衣服不洁。
The intention is not that they leave only one camp, but rather, to say to you: Once it has left one camp it immediately renders the garments of those carrying it impure.
革玛拉问：那里别的要焚烧的赎罪祭公牛，从哪里知道要搬出三营？革玛拉解说：《巴拉伊塔》 说：论大祭司的赎罪祭公牛说「就是全公牛，要搬到营外……焚烧」（利未记 4:12），意思是搬出三营之外。
革玛拉问：那里论别的要焚烧的赎罪祭公牛，我们从哪里推出它们要被搬出所有三营？
The Gemara asks: And there, with regard to other bull sin-offerings that are burned, from where do we derive that they are removed from all three camps?
革玛拉解说：正如一条 《巴拉伊塔》 所教：论大祭司的赎罪祭公牛说：「就是全公牛，他要搬到营外……焚烧」（利未记 4:12），意思是他要把它搬到三营之外。
The Gemara explains: As it was taught in a baraita: It is stated about the bull sin-offering of the High Priest: “Even the whole bull shall he carry outside the camp…and burn it” (Leviticus 4:12), meaning that he should take it outside of three camps.
《巴拉伊塔》 续：你说搬出三营，还是只须搬出一营？论为会众之罪所献的赎罪祭公牛说「要把公牛搬到营外」（利未记 4:21）——这节须解说，因不必说，已说了「焚烧，像焚烧头一只公牛一样」（利未记 4:21），可见大祭司赎罪祭公牛的一切 哈拉哈 都适用于会众的赎罪祭公牛。那么说「营外」是什么意思？是给它第二营——除神圣临在之营外，还须搬出利未营。
你说他要把它搬到三营之外，还是他只须把它搬到一营之外？
Do you say that he takes it outside of three camps, or is he required to take it outside of only one camp?
论为会众之罪所献的赎罪祭公牛，经上说：「他要把公牛搬到营外」（利未记 4:21）时，这节经文须加解说，因为经文本不必说这话，已经说了：「焚烧它，像焚烧头一只公牛一样」（利未记 4:21），这就指明大祭司赎罪祭公牛的一切 哈拉哈 也都适用于会众的赎罪祭公牛。
When it says with regard to the bull sin-offering brought for the sin of the community: “He shall carry the bull outside the camp” (Leviticus 4:21), that verse requires explanation, as there is no need for the verse to state this, since it was already stated: “And burn it as he burned the first bull” (Leviticus 4:21), which indicates that all the halakhot of the bull sin-offering of a High Priest apply to the bull sin-offering of the community as well.
那么经上说「营外」是什么意思呢？
And what is the meaning when the verse states outside the camp?
是给它第二营，就是指明它除了神圣临在之营以外，还须搬出利未营。
To give it a second camp, i.e., to indicate that it must be removed from the Levite camp in addition to the camp of the Divine Presence.
论除灰说「营外」（利未记 6:4），这节也须解说，因不必说，论大祭司赎罪祭公牛已说了「要搬到营外洁净之地、倒灰之处，用火烧在柴上；要在倒灰之处焚烧」（利未记 4:12）。重说「营外」是给它第三营，使它也在以色列营外焚烧。所以推得：里面的赎罪祭在三营之外焚烧；而论赎罪日的公牛与公山羊说「营外」，是教它们一出圣殿院子，抬者的衣服就不洁。
论除灰，经上说「营外」（利未记 6:4）时，这节经文也须加解说，因为经文本不必说这话，论大祭司的赎罪祭公牛已经说了：「就是全公牛，他要搬到营外洁净之地、倒灰之处，用火烧在柴上；要在倒灰之处焚烧」（利未记 4:12）。
And when it says: “Outside the camp” (Leviticus 6:4) with regard to removal of the ash, that verse also requires explanation, as there is no need for the verse to state this, since it was already stated with regard to the bull sin-offering of a High Priest: “Even the whole bull shall he carry outside the camp to a clean place, where the ashes are poured out, and burn it on wood with fire; where the ashes are poured out shall it be burned” (Leviticus 4:12).
不如说，「营外」一语的重说，指明要给它第三营，使它也在以色列营外焚烧。
Rather the repetition of the words: Outside the camp, indicates that he should give it a third camp, so that it is burned outside of the Israelite camp as well.
因此推得：里面的赎罪祭是在三营之外焚烧的；而妥拉论赎罪日的公牛与公山羊说「营外」，是教导它们一被搬出圣殿院子，抬它们之人的衣服就变得不洁。
Consequently, it has been derived that inner sin-offerings are burned outside of the three camps, and when the Torah states: Outside the camp, with regard to the bull and goat of Yom Kippur, it teaches that as soon as they are taken outside the Temple courtyard, the garments of those carrying them are rendered impure.
革玛拉问：拉比西缅（他以为抬者要出了三营才不洁）拿「营外」一语作什么？答：他用来推 《巴拉伊塔》 所教：拉比以利以谢 说：这里论赎罪日的公牛说「营外」，那里论红母牛也说「营外」（民数记 19:3）；这里在三营之外烧，那里母牛也在三营之外烧；那里在耶路撒冷东边烧（因母牛要「对着会幕的前面」烧，民数记 19:4，就是圣殿入口的东边），这里赎罪日的公牛与公山羊也在耶路撒冷东边烧。
革玛拉问：那么 拉比西缅 拿「营外」一语作什么呢？他认为抬公牛与公山羊的人要出了所有三营才变得不洁。
The Gemara asks: And what does Rabbi Shimon do with the phrase outside the camp, as he holds that those carrying the bull and goat are rendered impure only once they leave all three camps?
革玛拉答：他需要它来推出一条 《巴拉伊塔》 所教的：拉比以利以谢 说：这里论赎罪日的公牛说「营外」，那里论红母牛也说「营外」（民数记 19:3）。
The Gemara answers: He needs it for that which was taught in a baraita, that Rabbi Eliezer says: It is stated here, with regard to the bull of Yom Kippur, outside the camp, and it is stated there, with regard to the red heifer, “outside the camp” (Numbers 19:3).
这里它既在三营之外焚烧，那里那母牛也在三营之外焚烧。
Just as here, it is burned outside three camps, so too there the heifer, it is burned outside three camps.
那里它既在耶路撒冷东边焚烧——因为那母牛要「对着会幕的前面」焚烧（民数记 19:4），就是对着圣殿东边的入口——照样，这里赎罪日的公牛与公山羊也在耶路撒冷东边焚烧。
And just as there it is burned east of Jerusalem, since the heifer must be burned “toward the front of the Tent of Meeting” (Numbers 19:4), opposite the entrance to the Temple to its east, so too here the bull and goat of Yom Kippur are burned east of Jerusalem.
革玛拉问：照众拉比，它们在哪里焚烧？答：《巴拉伊塔》 教导：它们在哪里焚烧？（下一面接续）
革玛拉问：照众拉比，它们在哪里焚烧呢？
The Gemara asks: And according to the Rabbis, where do they burn them?
革玛拉答：正如一条 《巴拉伊塔》 所教：它们在哪里焚烧呢？
The Gemara answers: As it was taught in a baraita: Where are they burned?