分放在两所房子里,因此外边那两个院子并不合成一个。
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分放在两所房子里,因此外边那两个院子并不合成一个。
in two separate houses, and consequently the two outer courtyards do not join together and become as one.
← 移入纹卷总目·第四章 被人带出界的
这不是译本,是辅读层。中文承载文本本身,并逐句标出哪些是塔木德自己的话、 哪些是 施泰因扎尔茨 补入的解释,以及哪些地方翻译必然有所流失。
谢法利亚 的 威廉·戴维森 版用 <b> 标出塔木德原文,其余为
施泰因扎尔茨 补入。下面的比例是逐句从这个标记算出来的,不是判断。
这一面每读 12 句,只有一句以塔木德自己的话为主。把这件事藏起来, 读者会以为自己读的是塔木德;标出来,他才知道自己站在哪里。
分放在两所房子里,因此外边那两个院子并不合成一个。
分放在两所房子里,因此外边那两个院子并不合成一个。
in two separate houses, and consequently the two outer courtyards do not join together and become as one.
革玛拉 问:拉夫舍舍特 说 合界 分放在两所房子里、纵在同一个院里也不能把两家合起来,这是依谁的说法呢?他想必是依 沙迈学派 的说法说的,因为有一条 《巴拉伊塔》 教说:五个人凑了自己的 合界、分放在两样器皿里,纵在同一所房子里,沙迈学派 说:他们的 合界 不算 合界,因为那两分 合界 并没有存在同一处;希列学派 却说:只要整份 合界 都存在同一区域里,他们的 合界 就算 合界。
革玛拉 问:拉夫舍舍特 说 合界 分放在两所房子里、纵在同一个院里也不能把两家合起来,这是依谁的说法呢?
The Gemara asks: In accordance with whose opinion did Rav Sheshet state that an eiruv placed in two houses, even within the same courtyard, does not join the houses together?
他想必是依 沙迈学派 的说法说的,因为有一条 《巴拉伊塔》 教说:五个人凑了自己的 合界、分放在两样器皿里,纵在同一所房子里,沙迈学派 说:他们的 合界 不算 合界,因为那两分 合界 并没有存在同一处;希列学派 却说:只要整份 合界 都存在同一区域里,他们的 合界 就算 合界。
He must have said this in accordance with the opinion of Beit Shammai, as it was taught in a baraita: With regard to five people who collected their eiruv and placed it in two separate utensils, even in a single house, Beit Shammai say: Their eiruv is not a valid eiruv, as the two parts of the eiruv have not been deposited in the same place, and Beit Hillel say: Their eiruv is a valid eiruv as long as the entire eiruv was deposited in a single domain.
革玛拉 驳这一说:你纵说这是依 希列学派 的说法,希列学派 那话或者单是就那里说的,就是两样器皿同在一所房子里、因此合得起来。那两样器皿若分在两所房子里,连 希列学派 也同意那 合界 是不成的。
革玛拉 驳这一说:你纵说这是依 希列学派 的说法,希列学派 那话或者单是就那里说的,就是两样器皿同在一所房子里、因此合得起来。
The Gemara rejects this argument: Even if you say that this is in accordance with the opinion of Beit Hillel, Beit Hillel may have stated their opinion only there, with regard to two utensils that are located in one house and consequently, they join together.
那两样器皿若分在两所房子里,连 希列学派 也同意那 合界 是不成的。
However, if the two utensils are located in two separate houses, even Beit Hillel agree that the eiruv is not valid.
拉夫阿维亚之子拉夫阿哈 对 拉夫阿施 说:拉夫犹大 的解法有难处,拉夫舍舍特 的解法也有难处。拉夫犹大 的解法有难处,因为他说这里议的是当中那院把头一份 合界 放在这边院里、第二份 合界 放在那边院里的情形。只是当中那院一与外边一院立了 合界,两下就算作一个了;那么它后来与外边另一院立 合界 的时候,也就连头一个外院一并办了,因为两下如同一个院子。
拉夫阿维亚之子拉夫阿哈 对 拉夫阿施 说:拉夫犹大 的解法有难处,拉夫舍舍特 的解法也有难处。
Rav Aḥa, son of Rav Avya, said to Rav Ashi: The explanation of Rav Yehuda is difficult and the explanation of Rav Sheshet is difficult.
拉夫犹大 的解法有难处,因为他说这里议的是当中那院把头一份 合界 放在这边院里、第二份 合界 放在那边院里的情形。
The explanation of Rav Yehuda is difficult, as he said that it is speaking about a case where the middle courtyard put its first eiruv in the one courtyard and its second eiruv in the other courtyard.
只是当中那院一与外边一院立了 合界,两下就算作一个了;那么它后来与外边另一院立 合界 的时候,也就连头一个外院一并办了,因为两下如同一个院子。
However, once the middle courtyard establishes an eiruv with one of the outer ones, they are regarded as one, so that when it later establishes an eiruv with the other outer courtyard, it acts also on behalf of the first outer courtyard, as both of them are treated like a single courtyard.
拉夫舍舍特 的解法也有难处。外边两个院子既各把自己的 合界 放在当中那院,众人就都算作当中那院的居民。外边两院既各把自己的 合界 放在不同的房子里,这就该照五个人同住一院、其中一人忘了没有入伙 合界 那一样办——那样众人彼此相拦,都不可在院里搬东西。照样,这里众人也都该不可在当中那院里搬,不拘是当中那院的居民,还是外边两院的居民。
拉夫舍舍特 的解法也有难处。
And the explanation of Rav Sheshet is difficult.
外边两个院子既各把自己的 合界 放在当中那院,众人就都算作当中那院的居民。
Since the two outer courtyards placed their respective eiruvin in the middle courtyard, all are regarded as residents of the middle courtyard.
外边两院既各把自己的 合界 放在不同的房子里,这就该照五个人同住一院、其中一人忘了没有入伙 合界 那一样办——那样众人彼此相拦,都不可在院里搬东西。
And since each of the outer courtyards placed its eiruv in a different house, the case should be treated like that of five people who lived in the same courtyard, one of whom forgot and did not join the eiruv, where they all prohibit one another to carry in the courtyard.
照样,这里众人也都该不可在当中那院里搬,不拘是当中那院的居民,还是外边两院的居民。
Similarly in this case, all should be prohibited to carry in the middle courtyard, the residents of the middle courtyard as well as the residents of the outer courtyards.
拉夫阿施 对他说:照 拉夫犹大 的解法不难,照 拉夫舍舍特 的解法也不难。照 拉夫犹大 的解法不难,因为当中那院的人是与外边两院各立了 合界,外边两院彼此并没有立 合界。外边各院的居民所表明的是:他们愿与当中那院合,却不愿与外边另一院合。外边两院的居民既显明自己不愿合成一份公共的 合界,就不可强他们合。
拉夫阿施 对他说:照 拉夫犹大 的解法不难,照 拉夫舍舍特 的解法也不难。
Rav Ashi said to him: It is not difficult according to the explanation of Rav Yehuda and it is not difficult according to the explanation of Rav Sheshet.
照 拉夫犹大 的解法不难,因为当中那院的人是与外边两院各立了 合界,外边两院彼此并没有立 合界。
It is not difficult according to the explanation of Rav Yehuda, since the residents of the middle courtyard established an eiruv with each of the two outer courtyards, and the residents of the two outer courtyards did not establish an eiruv with one another.
外边各院的居民所表明的是:他们愿与当中那院合,却不愿与外边另一院合。
The residents of each of the outer courtyards indicated that it desired to join with the middle courtyard, but did not desire to join with the other outer courtyard.
外边两院的居民既显明自己不愿合成一份公共的 合界,就不可强他们合。
Since the residents of the outer courtyards demonstrated that that they did not want to join together and form a common eiruv, they cannot be forced to do so.
照 拉夫舍舍特 的解法也不难。人说外边两院的居民算作当中那院的居民,原是从宽说的,好叫他们可以在当中那院里搬东西;难道就是说他们也要从严算作当中那院的居民、以致他们如同住在那里一样、反倒不可在当中那院里搬么?
照 拉夫舍舍特 的解法也不难。
And it is not difficult according to the explanation of Rav Sheshet.
人说外边两院的居民算作当中那院的居民,原是从宽说的,好叫他们可以在当中那院里搬东西;难道就是说他们也要从严算作当中那院的居民、以致他们如同住在那里一样、反倒不可在当中那院里搬么?
If they said that the people living in the outer courtyards are considered as residents of the middle courtyard as a leniency, so that they should be permitted to carry in the middle courtyard, does this mean that they will say that they are considered residents of the middle courtyard also as a stringency, so that they should be prohibited from carrying in the middle courtyard as if they live there?
拉夫犹大 说 拉夫 说:密释纳这一句——东西可以从外边任一院搬进当中那院,也可以从当中那院搬进外边任一院——是 拉比西缅 的说法,就是依他的意思说的。众拉比却说:一区可以服事两区。这话是说:从外边任一院把东西搬进当中那院是许的,因为外边两院都与当中那院立了 合界,并不受拘。两区却不服事一区,就是说从当中那院把东西搬进外边任一院是禁的。当中那院的器皿是随着外边两院走的;他若把器皿搬进外边一院,就算作把它们从另一院挪走了。
拉夫犹大 说 拉夫 说:密释纳这一句——东西可以从外边任一院搬进当中那院,也可以从当中那院搬进外边任一院——是 拉比西缅 的说法,就是依他的意思说的。
Rav Yehuda said that Rav said: This statement in the mishna, that objects may be carried from either of the outer courtyards into the middle courtyard and also from the middle courtyard into either of the outer courtyards, is the statement of, i.e., in accordance with the opinion of, Rabbi Shimon.
众拉比却说:一区可以服事两区。
But the Rabbis say: One domain serves two domains.
这话是说:从外边任一院把东西搬进当中那院是许的,因为外边两院都与当中那院立了 合界,并不受拘。
That is to say, it is permitted to carry objects from either of the outer courtyards into the inner one, as no prohibition is imposed upon the outer courtyards, given that both established an eiruv with the middle courtyard.
两区却不服事一区,就是说从当中那院把东西搬进外边任一院是禁的。
But two domains do not serve one domain, meaning that it is prohibited to carry objects from the middle courtyard into either of the two outer courtyards.
当中那院的器皿是随着外边两院走的;他若把器皿搬进外边一院,就算作把它们从另一院挪走了。
The utensils of the middle courtyard are drawn after the other two, meaning that were he to bring them into one of the outer courtyards, he would be regarded as having removed them from the other.
拉夫犹大 记着说:我在 撒母耳 面前诵这条教训的时候,他对我说:
拉夫犹大 记着说:我在 撒母耳 面前诵这条教训的时候,他对我说:
Rav Yehuda relates: When I recited this teaching before Shmuel, he said to me: